current edition of Immigration Reading ListArchive
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4.Netherlands
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14.U.K.
15.Australia
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1.
Moncrieffe v. Holder: Exploring the Legal Landscape of Section 101(a)(43)(B) of the Act
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2.
Nonimmigrant Admissions to the United States: 2012
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3.
Annual Risk Analysis 2013
Table of contents
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4.
Population growth Caribbean Netherlands as a result of immigration
Excerpt:
More immigrants
With 2.2 thousand and 2.3 thousand respectively, immigration to the Caribbean Netherlands was considerably higher in 2011 and 2012 than in 2010 (1.8 thousand). More than one quarter of immigrants come from the Netherlands and another quarter come from the United States and Canada. More than 60 percent of immigrants from South and Central America are Peruvian and Colombian nationals and people from the Dominican Republic.
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5.
5% Think Feds Very Likely to Seal Border if New Immigration Law Passes
Rasmussen Reports, October 23, 2013
http://m.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/current_events/im…
Excerpt: Most voters continue to put more border control first in any immigration reform plan, but fewer than ever trust the federal government to actually control the border if a new plan is passed. Voters also lean toward a go-slow piece-by-piece approach to immigration reform over a comprehensive bill.
The latest Rasmussen Reports national telephone survey finds that just 25% of Likely U.S. Voters think it is even somewhat likely that the federal government will actually secure the border and prevent illegal immigration if that’s part of new immigration legislation. Sixty-five percent (65%) consider it unlikely. This includes only five percent (5%) who say the government is Very Likely to secure the border if it’s part of legislation that would give legal status to those already here illegally and 24% who feel it’s Not At All Likely. (To see survey question wording, click here.)
Confidence in the likelihood of the federal government actually securing the border fell to a previous low of 28% in late June from a high of 45% in January. This skepticism continues to be perhaps the biggest problem immigration reformers face.
Republicans want proof that the border has been secured to prevent further illegal immigration before allowing legalization of those now here illegally to go forward. The president believes the legalization process and the implementation of more border security should take place at the same time.
But only 18% of voters believe those who are now in this country illegally should be granted legal status right away. Sixty-two percent (62%) disagree and think legalization should come only after the border is secured. Nineteen percent (19%) are not sure. These attitudes are unchanged from past surveys.
Voters are evenly divided over the immigration plan passed by the U.S. Senate that would further secure the border and give most of those who entered the country illegally legal status to stay here. Forty percent (40%) favor such a plan, while 40% oppose it. Twenty percent (20%) are undecided.
Support for the plan stood at 53% in early September when voters were asked, “If you knew that the border would really be secured to prevent future illegal immigration, would you favor or oppose this plan?”
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6.
New from the Federation for American Immigration Reform
Sanctuary Policies Across the U.S.
Federation for American Immigration Reform, October 2013
http://www.fairus.org/DocServer/amnesty_2013_debate/Sanctuary_Policies_…
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7.
Crime rises among second-generation immigrants as they assimilate
By Rich Morin
Pew Research Center, October 15, 2013
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/10/15/crime-rises-among-secon…
Excerpt: In her study, Bersani analyzed crime data collected from first- and second-generation immigrants. She then compared those crime rates with the other native-born adults and found striking similarities between second-generation immigrants and native-born non-Hispanic whites.
She begins her analysis by noting this well-documented phenomenon: The crime rate among first-generation immigrants—those who came to this country from somewhere else—is significantly lower than the overall crime rate and that of the second generation. It’s even lower for those in their teens and early 20s, the age range when criminal involvement peaks.
But just a generation later, the crime rate soars. In fact, it is virtually identical to the rate among native-born Americans across the most crime-prone years. As the accompanying chart taken from an earlier Bersani study shows, about a quarter of 16-year-old native-born and second-generation immigrants have committed a crime in the past year. In contrast, about 17% of the foreign-born 16-year olds have broken the law.
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8.
New from the Institute for the Study of Labor
1. Skill Mismatches in the EU: Immigrants vs. Natives
By Sandra Nieto, Alessia Matano, and Raul Ramos
Discussion Paper No. 7701, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
2. Immigration and Entrepreneurship
By Robert W. Fairlie and Magnus Lofstrom
Discussion Paper No. 7669, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
3. Money for Nothing? Ukrainian Immigrants in Poland and their Remitting Behaviors
By Pawel Kaczmarczyk
Discussion Paper No. 7666, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
4. UK Migration Policy and Migration from Eastern Partnership Countries
By Ken Clark and Stephen Drinkwater
Discussion Paper No. 7665, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
5. Costs and Benefits of Labor Mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries: The Case of Poland
By Maciej Duszczyk, Marek Gora and Pawel Kaczmarczyk
Discussion Paper No. 7664, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
6. The Wider Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Migrants: A Survey of the Literature
By Max Nathan
Discussion Paper No. 7653, September 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
7. Regional Variations in Attitudes Towards Refugees: Evidence from Great Britain
By Heaven Crawley, Stephen Drinkwater and Rukhsana Kauser
Discussion Paper No. 7647, September 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
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9.
New from the Migration Policy Institute
1. Immigrant Workers and the Workforce Development System in the United Kingdom
By Anne Green
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/TCM-Skills-UnitedKingdom.pdf
2. Maximizing Potential: How Countries Can Address Skills Deficits within the Immigrant Workforce
By Meghan Benton
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/TCM-Skills-ImmigrantWorkforce.pdf
3. The Lampedusa Tragedy Prompts the Question: Does the UN Have Any Impact on the World’s Migrants?
By Kathleen Newland
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/2013_10_07.pdf
4. Naturalization Trends in the United States
By Gregory Auclair and Jeanne Batalova
Migration Information Source, October 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?ID=970
5. The High-Level Dialogue: Sizing up Outcomes, Implications, and Future Forms of Engagement on Migration and Development
By Kathleen Newland
Migration Information Source, October 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=968
6. As Immigration Reform Stalls in Congress, Activists Take a Page from the Civil-Rights Movement
By Muzaffar Chishti and Faye Hipsman
MPI Policy Beat, October 17, 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?id=969
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10.
New from the Social Science Research Network
1. Bridges or Buffers? Motives Behind Immigrants? Religiosity - a Comparative Study of Europe and the United States
By Teresa Garcia-Munoz and Shoshana Neuman
CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP9710, October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2346247
2. Policing the Immigration Police: ICE Prosecutorial Discretion and the Fourth Amendment
By Jason A. Cade, University of Georgia Law School
113 Columbia Law Review Sidebar (2013 Forthcoming)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343710
3. Comprehensive U.S. Immigration Reform: Policy Innovation or Nondecisions?
By Richard T. Middleton IV, University of Missouri at Saint Louis
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344997
4. The Hidden Costs of Human Rights: The Case of Immigration Detention
By Michael Flynn
Global Detention Project, PSGM, Graduate Institute, Geneva
September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344193
5. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and the Refugee Determination Process in Canada
By Nicole LaViolette, University of Ottawa Common Law Section
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343318
6. Table of Contents and Introduction: Run for the Border Vice and Virtue in U.S. Mexico-Border Crossings
By Steven W. Bender, Seattle University School of Law
New York University Press (May 2013)
Seattle University School of Law Research Paper No. 13-16
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2341757
7. The Undocumented Closet
By Rose Cuison Villazor, University of California, Davis
North Carolina Law Review, Vol. 1, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343388
8. The Forgotten Equality Norm in Immigration Preemption: Discrimination, Harassment, and the Civil Rights Act of 1870
By Lucas Guttentag, Yale University - Law School
8 Duke J. Const. Law & Pub. Pol'y 1 (2013)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339424
9. Windsor Beyond Marriage: Due Process, Equality, and Undocumented Immigration
By Anthony O'Rourke, SUNY Buffalo Law School
William & Mary Law Review, Forthcoming
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340850
10. 'Crimmigration' in the European Union Through the Lens of Immigration Detention
By Izabella Majcher
Global Detention Project Working Paper No. 6, September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340566
11. Smoke Screens: Is There a Correlation between Migration Euphemisms and the Language of Detention?
By Mariette Grange
Global Detention Project Working Paper No. 5, September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340390
12. Measured Enforcement: A Policy Shift in the ICE 287(G) Program
By Mimi Tsankov, University of Denver Sturm College of Law, and Christina J. Martin, United States Department of Justice Los Angeles Immigration Court
31 U. La Verne L. Rev. 403 (2010)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340035
13. Tipsy: A Sobering Look at the Effects of Alcohol-Related Incidents in Immigration Removal Proceedings
By Mimi Tsankov
University of Denver Sturm College of Law
The Federal Lawyer, p. 22, September 2012
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339320
14. Mercy in Immigration Law
By Allison Brownell Tirres, DePaul University College of Law
Brigham Young University Law Review, 2014, Forthcoming
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339263
15. Immigration and Job Creation: Which Comes First?
By Jack Strauss, University of Denver Reiman School of Finance
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339192
16. Welfare Effects of Labor Migration
By Dmytro Vikhrov, Charles University in Prague
CERGE-EI Working Paper Series No. 491
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339125
17. The Role of the Federal Executive in Catalyzing State Legislation on Immigration
By Pratheepan Gulasekaram, Santa Clara University School of Law and Karthick Ramakrishnan, University of California, Riverside
October 9, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2338288
18. The New Immigration Federalism
By Stella Burch Elias, University of Iowa College of Law
Ohio State Law Journal, Vol. 74, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2337662
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11.
Migration and Remittance Flows: Recent Trends and Outlook, 2013-2016
Migration and Development Brief 21, October 2, 2013
Migration and Remittances Team, Development Prospects Group
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-128899…
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12.
Migration and Health: Mexican Immigrants in the U.S.
By Telesforo Ramírez García, Xochitl Castaneda, Steven P. Wallace, et al.
UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, October 1, 2013
http://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/publications/Documents/PDF/migrationreport…
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13.
Immigration Reform: Implications for Growth, Budgets and Housing
Bipartisan Policy Center, October 2013
http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/BPC_Immigration_Economi…
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14.
Immigration U.K.
Sky News Poll
A sample group, representative of the UK population, was surveyed by Sky News on their attitudes to immigration
Polling carried out by Survation 27–29 September 2013
http://interactive.news.sky.com/2013/web/immigrationUK/SkyNews_Immigrat…
Excerpt:
Which of these statements is closest to your own view?
The net increase in population is not a cause of concern to me - 16%
The Government's attempt to limit net migration to 100,000 a year is sufficient to control Britain's population - 17%
The UK population is already too large and the Government should take drastic action now to reduce migration - 67%
People in rural areas much more likely to think drastic action is needed (71% in countryside versus 53% in urban areas)
By Party:
94% of UKIP voters think drastic action is needed
75% of Conservative voters
54% of Labour voters
46% of Liberal Democrat voters
Those who have little contact with immigrants are significantly more concerned:
71% of those who don't know any immigrants well think drastic action is needed
64% of those who know immigrants through living in the same neighbourhood
58% of those who know immigrants well through friends/family/work/children
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15.
Mapping Social Cohesion
By Andrew Markus
The Scanlon Foundation Surveys 2013
http://www.scanlonfoundation.org.au/docs/2013_SocC_report_final.pdf
Excerpt:
Immigration
The 2013 survey found a majority of respondents in favour of the current immigration intake (38%) or of the view that it was ‘too low’ (13%). A large minority (42%) considered that the intake was ‘too high’, up from 38% in 2012.
Since 2010, the Scanlon Foundation surveys have asked respondents if their feelings were positive, negative or neutral towards immigrants from specified countries. There has been a consistency of opinion across the four surveys. Indicative of long-term change in Australian opinion, there is now a large measure of acceptance of groups once stigmatised. Less than 5% of respondents have indicated negative feelings towards immigrants from English-speaking countries and continental Europe, less than 15% towards immigrants from Asia. The highest level of negative feeling, at close to 25%, is towards immigrants from the Middle East.
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16.
Immigration and Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification (E-verify)
By John M. Gosselin
Nova Science Pub. Inc., 100 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1626189536, $52.00
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1626189536/centerforimmigra
Book Description: The 113th Congress is expected to take up comprehensive immigration reform. Some of the most difficult immigration policy questions on the table concern unauthorised immigration and unauthorised employment. The discussion about these issues builds on the work of prior Congresses. In 1986, following many years of debate about unauthorised immigration to the United States, Congress enacted the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA). This law sought to address unauthorised immigration, in part, by requiring all employers to examine documents presented by new hires to verify identity and work authorisation and to complete and retain employment eligibility verification (I-9) forms. Ten years later, in the face of a growing illegal alien population, Congress attempted to strengthen the employment verification process by establishing pilot programs for electronic verification, as part of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA). This book examines current legislation on electronic employment eligibility verification and evaluates proposals in terms of their potential impact on unauthorised employment; verification system accuracy, efficiency, discrimination, employer compliance, and privacy issues.
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17.
U.S. Immigration: Key Trends, Policies and Programs
By Daniel M. Turcotte
Nova Science Pub. Inc., 195 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1626189498, $123.16
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1626189498/centerforimmigra
Book Description: This book provides an overview of immigration trends that touch on the main elements of comprehensive immigration reform (CIR). Most policymakers agree that the main issues in CIR include increased border security and immigration enforcement, improved employment eligibility verification, revision of legal immigration, and options to address the millions of unauthorized aliens residing in the country. This book offers snapshots of time series data, using the most complete and consistent time series currently available for each statistic. The key findings and elements germane to the data depicted are summarized with figures. This summary offers the highlights of key immigration trends, with a focus on permanent legal immigration to the U.S.; the U.S. foreign-born population; immigration of foreign national with STEM degrees; numerical limits on employment-based immigration; and electronic employment eligibility verification.
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18.
The Politics of Immigration: Contradictions of the Liberal State
By James Hampshire
Polity, 224 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0745638988, $59.46
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0745638988/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 0745638996, $20.70
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0745638996/centerforimmigra
Book Description: Immigration is one of the most contested issues on the political agenda of liberal states across Europe and North America. While these states can be open and inclusive to newcomers, they are also often restrictive and exclusionary. The Politics of Immigration examines the sources of these apparently contradictory stances, locating answers in the nature of the liberal state itself.
The book shows how four defining facets of the liberal state - representative democracy, constitutionalism, capitalism, and nationhood - generate conflicting imperatives for immigration policymaking, which in turn gives rise to paradoxical, even contradictory, policies. The first few chapters of the book outline this framework, setting out the various actors, institutions and ideas associated with each facet. Subsequent chapters consider its implications for different elements of the immigration policy field, including policies towards economic and humanitarian immigration, as well as citizenship and integration. Throughout, the argument is illustrated with data and examples from the major immigrant-receiving countries of Europe and North America.
This book will be essential reading for students and researchers in migration studies, politics and international relations, and all those interested in understanding why immigration remains one of the most controversial and intractable policy issues in the Western world.
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19.
Model Immigrants and Undesirable Aliens: The Cost of Immigration Reform in the 1990s
By Christina Gerken
Univ. Of Minnesota Press, 352 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0816674728, $82.50
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0816674728/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 0816674736, $25.08
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0816674736/centerforimmigra
Book Description: During 1995 and 1996, President Bill Clinton signed into law three bills that altered the rights and responsibilities of immigrants: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act, the Personal Responsibility Act, and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act. Model Immigrants and Undesirable Aliens examines the changing debates around immigration that preceded and followed the passage of landmark legislation by the U.S. Congress in the mid-1990s, arguing that it represented a new, neoliberal way of thinking and talking about immigration.
Christina Gerken explores the content and the social implications of the deliberations that surrounded the development and passage of immigration reform, analyzing a wide array of writings from congressional debates and committee reports to articles and human-interest stories in mainstream newspapers. The process, she shows, disguised its underlying racism by creating discursive strategies that shaped and upheld an image of “desirable” immigrants—those who could demonstrate “personal responsibility” and an ability to contribute to the U.S. economy. Gerken finds that politicians linked immigration to complex issues: poverty, welfare reform, so-called family values, measures designed to combat terrorism, and the spiraling costs of social welfare programs.
Although immigrants were often at the center of congressional debates, politicians constructed an elaborate, abstract terminology that appeared to be unrelated to race or gender. Instead, politicians promoted neoliberal policies as the avenue to a postracist, postsexist world of opportunity for every rational consumer with an entrepreneurial spirit. Still, Gerken concludes that the passage of pathbreaking legislation was characterized by a useful tension between neoliberal assumptions and hidden anxieties about race, class, gender, and sexuality.
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20.
Reporting at the Southern Borders: Journalism and Public Debates on Immigration in the U.S. and the E.U.
By Giovanna Dell'Orto and Vicki L. Birchfield
Routledge, 286 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0415835887, $121.03
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0415835887/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 2186 KB, ASIN: B00FYR3DA8, $104.00
Book Description: Undocumented immigration across the Mediterranean and the US-Mexican border is one of the most contested transatlantic public and political issues, raising fundamental questions about national identity, security and multiculturalism—all in the glare of news media themselves undergoing dramatic transformations.
This interdisciplinary, international volume fills a major gap in political science and communication literature on the role of news media in public debates over immigration by providing unique insider’s perspectives on journalistic practices and bringing them into dialogue with scholars and immigrant rights practitioners.
After providing original comparative research by established and emerging international affairs and media scholars as well as grounded reflections by UN and IOM practitioners, the book presents candid, in-depth assessments by nine leading European and North American journalists covering immigration from the frontlines, ranging from the Guardian’s Southern Europe editor to the immigration reporter for the Arizona Republic. Their comparative reflections on the professional, institutional and technological constraints shaping news stories offer unprecedented insight into the challenges and opportunities for 21st century journalism to affect public discourse and policymaking about issues critical to the future of the transatlantic space, making the book relevant across a wide range of scholarship on the media’s impact on public affairs.
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21.
The Beast: Riding the Rails and Dodging Narcos on the Migrant Trail
By Oscar Martinez, Daniela Maria Ugaz, John Washington, and Francisco Goldman
Verso, 224 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1781681325, $18.88
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1781681325/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 1781682976, $13.38
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1781682976/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 3608 KB, ASIN: B00CCONUMC, 258 pp., $13.99
Book Description: One day a few years ago, 300 migrants were kidnapped between the remote desert towns of Altar, Mexico, and Sasabe, Arizona. A local priest got 120 released, many with broken ankles and other marks of abuse, but the rest vanished. Óscar Martínez, a young writer from El Salvador, was in Altar soon after the abduction, and his account of the migrant disappearances is only one of the harrowing stories he garnered from two years spent traveling up and down the migrant trail from Central America and across the US border. More than a quarter of a million Central Americans make this increasingly dangerous journey each year, and each year as many as 20,000 of them are kidnapped.
Martínez writes in powerful, unforgettable prose about clinging to the tops of freight trains; finding respite, work and hardship in shelters and brothels; and riding shotgun with the border patrol. Illustrated with stunning full-color photographs, The Beast is the first book to shed light on the harsh new reality of the migrant trail in the age of the narcotraficantes.
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22.
Foreigners, Minorities and Integration: The Muslim Immigration Experience in Britain and Germany
By Sarah Hackett
Manchester University Press, 272 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0719083176, $88.00
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0719083176/centerforimmigra
Book Description: This book explores the arrival and development of Muslim immigrant communities in Britain and Germany during the post-1945 period through the case studies of Newcastle upon Tyne and Bremen. It traces Newcastle's South Asian Muslims and Bremen's Turkish Muslims from their initial settlement through to the end of the twentieth century, and investigates their behaviour and performance in the areas of employment, housing and education. At a time at which Islam is seen as a barrier to integration and harmony in Europe, this study demonstrates that this need not be the case.
In what is the first comparison of Muslim ethnic minorities in Britain and Germany at a local level, this book reveals that instances of integration have been frequent. It is essential reading for both academics and students with an interest in migration studies, modern Britain and Germany, and the place of Islam in contemporary Europe.
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23.
Debating Multiculturalism in the Nordic Welfare State
By Peter Kivisto and Osten Wahlbeck
Palgrave Macmillan, 364 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 023036019X, $73.26
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/023036019X/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 1107 KB, ASIN: B00FJYJV2U, $69.30
Book Description: Like many other Western democracies, the Nordic countries have vigorously debated whether it is necessary to find new ways of incorporating ethnic minorities into the larger society, leading to the need to decide whether to enter into experiments in multiculturalism or to resist such a prospect. This edited collection addresses the varied ways that four countries have addressed the issue of the inclusion of ethnic minorities - including both old minorities and recent immigrants. Because of their robust social democratic welfare policies, these nations constitute an important research site for exploring the ways in which the politics of identity and recognition play out in societies committed to redistributive politics. Put simply, can the goals of the welfare state and those of multiculturalism coexist in harmony? Are they capable of being mutually reinforcing? Or will they inevitably be at loggerheads, operating in what amounts to a zero-sum game: redistribution at the expense of recognition and vice versa?
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24.
People on the Move in a Changing Climate: The Regional Impact of Environmental Change on Migration
By Etienne Piguet and Frank Laczko
Springer, 200 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 9400769849, $103.20
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/9400769849/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 2740 KB, ASIN: B00FYJVW4A, $98.04
Book Description: Policymakers around the world are increasingly concerned about the likely impact of climate change and environmental degradation on the movement of people. This book takes a hard look at the existing evidence available to policymakers in different regions of the world. How much do we really know about the impact of environmental change on migration? How will different regions of the world be affected in the future? Is there evidence to show that migration can help countries adapt to environmental change ? What types of research have been conducted, how reliable is the evidence? These are some of the questions considered in this book, which presents, for the first time, a synthesis of relevant research findings for each major region of the world.
Written by regional experts, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the key findings of existing studies on the linkages between environmental change and the movement of people. More and more reports on migration and the environment are being published, but the information is often scattered between countries and within regions, and it is not always clear how much of this information is based on solid research. This book brings this evidence together for the first time, highlighting innovative studies and research gaps. In doing this, the book seeks to help decision-makers draw lessons from existing studies and to identify priorities for further research.
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25.
Citizenship Studies
Vol. 17, No. 5, October 2013
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ccst20/current#.UnKdblOzIeB
Special Issue: Narratives and Imaginaries of Citizenship in Latin America
Selected article:
Nationalism and immigrant labor in a tropical enclave: the West Indians of Colón City, 1850–1936
By Marixa Lasso
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13621025.2013.818370#.UnKe0…
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26.
CSEM Newsletter
September-October, 2013
http://csem.org.br/
English language content:
Shortage of organs leading to increased human trafficking, warns UN expert
New Afrique Information, October 27, 2013
The UN Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, Ms. Joy Ngozi Ezeilo, has warned that a growing number of people are exploited and compelled by need or by force to provide organs for transplantation to people within their own countries or abroad.
'The root cause of trafficking in persons for the removal of organs is an acute shortage of organs for transplantation worldwide, and a mismatch between the growing demand for organ transplants and the strict limits set on available supplies,' Ms. Ezeilo said in her annual report to the UN General Assembly.
A statement on the report, obtained by PANA in New York on Saturday, stated that the Special Rapporteur also stressed that available information on trafficking in persons for the removal of organs was incomplete and often unverified.
According to her: 'This lack of information mainly results from the clandestine nature of the trafficking and from the fact that victims have little opportunities and incentives to denounce such violations.'
'Recipients are generally wealthy while victims are often poor, unemployed and with low levels of education. They can be easily deceived about the nature of the transaction and its potential impact,' she noted.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1858-shortage-of-organs-lead…
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In Libya, migrants face ordeals at sea and in jail
The Las Vegas Sun, October 23, 2013
. . .
Libya's chaos in the two years following the overthrow of dictator Moammar Gadhafi has turned the country into a prime springboard for tens of thousands of migrants, mainly from Africa, trying to reach Europe in rickety, crowded boats. With police and the military in disarray, human smuggling has reached the level of a mafia-style organized industry in which Libya's militias have gotten involved, according to activists and police.
The danger of the sea journey became particularly clear this month, with three deadly wrecks of migrant boats coming from Libya. At least 365 people, mostly Eritreans fleeing repression in their homeland, died on Oct. 3 when their boat from Libya sank off the Italian island of Lampedusa _ one of the worst verified migrant tragedies in the Mediterranean.
Detention by Libyan militias is the migrants' other potential ordeal. Activists say militias hold migrants in stores, schools and abandoned buildings as well as detention centers, abusing them and holding them hostage until they receive money from the migrants' families. Then the migrants are freed, only to try again.
"In these prisons, the principles of the Feb. 17 Revolution are being toppled down. The Libyan authorities must put an end to those pirates," a Libyan rights group called Beladi, or My Nation, said on its website, referring to the "revolution" that led to Gadhafi's ouster and death in 2011.
But Libya's government is weak, virtually hostage to the militias, which originated as rebel brigades fighting Gadhafi but have grown in size and power.
The government has put some militias on the Interior and Defense Ministries' payrolls in an effort to control them, but the militias still do whatever they want. Militiamen this month even briefly kidnapped Prime Minister Ali Zidan, who has frequently spoken of the need to rein in the armed groups.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1841-in-libya-migrants-face-…
Humanitarian crisis in Syria: Aid Coordination by the Catholic Church
Vatican, October 23, 2013
US$ 72 million allocated by Catholic humanitarian organizations to the crisis in Syria and neighbouring regions; 55 agencies operating on-field; 20 Syrian cities assisted thanks to the aid sent and 32 Catholic agencies involved so far; aid dispensed equally to refugees in Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq, Cyprus, Egypt. These are the figures put together on 9th October thanks to the mapping of the aid distributed to date in Syria, verified following the meeting coordinating the activities carried out by the Catholic charitable organizations working on the Syrian scene, promoted by the Pontifical Council Cor Unum on 4-5 June 2013.
The Catholic Church and the local churches in the area have been involved ever since the beginning of the crisis in 2011, working to provide constant humanitarian assistance to the people affected by the dramatic internal war in Syria. Pope Francis has followed the evolution of the crisis with particular closeness and attention, as well as the work carried out by charitable agencies, which He received in audience on occasion of the meeting organized by the Pontifical Council Cor Unum. "Assisting the Syrian population, without regard for ethnic or religious affiliation, said Pope Francis on that occasion - is the most direct way to contribute to peace and to the up-building of a society open and welcoming to all of its different constituent parts”.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1850-humanitarian-crisis-in-…
Afghan Refugees Risk Human Smugglers, Deportation In Search Of A Better Life
The Huffington Post, October 23, 2013
. . .
Many Afghans are looking for an escape as more than a decade of international intervention winds down and fears grow that hardline Islamists or violent warlords will return to power.
Ambitious young men are needed to help the country to develop, but the exodus has picked up pace as uncertainty deepens, NATO-led troops pull out in 2014 and aid money dries up.
Afghans made 36,600 asylum claims in industrialised countries last year, according to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), up from 36,200 in 2011.
Even 12 years after the fall of the Taliban, Afghanistan remains the world's leading country of origin for refugees.
Afghans often choose to head to Australia, Sweden, Germany or Norway, but they face a tough battle even if they complete epic overland journeys and sea passages in rickety smugglers' boats.
In Australia, the new government came to power in September vowing to use its navy to tow the boats to back their place of origin -- typically Indonesia -- and its embassy in Kabul issues dire warning that migrants are not welcome.
Those who do reach Christmas Island, an Australian territory in the Indian Ocean, are now processed and settled in under-developed Papua New Guinea.
"Given the past experience of civil war and the Taliban rule, many Afghans feel pressured to flee the country at any cost," refugee ministry spokesman Islamudin Jurat told AFP.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1851-afghan-refugees-risk-hu…
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Migrants arrested in Moscow raids
Police in Russia have arrested more than 1,200 people in a raid targeting migrants after major riots in Moscow.
BBC, October 14, 2013
The "preventative raid" targeted workers at a vegetable warehouse, which was attacked by demonstrators on Sunday, Russian news agencies reported.
Angry protesters overran the market searching for migrant workers.
The rioting began during a protest over the killing of an ethnic Russian man on Thursday, allegedly by a Muslim migrant from the North Caucasus.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1808-migrants-arrested-in-mo…
880,000 People ‘Live Like Slaves’ Across the EU
By Ewan Palmer
International Business Times
By Ewan Palmer
At least 880,000 people are forced to work in slave-like conditions across the European Union, with more than a quarter of a million victims of sexual exploitation, according to a European Parliament committee.
The report by the European Parliament Special Committee Investigating Crime, Money Laundering and Corruption (CRIM) estimates that human trafficking alone generated around €25bn (£21bn) across the EU last year.
Cases of slave labour have been reported in all 27 countries in the EU, with the report saying woman and children are most vulnerable to exploitation.
The report states that of the 880,000 'slaves' in the EU, these notably include "children that are forced to beg, men who are forced to work for pitifully low wages, and women who are forced to work as prostitutes."
The recession and economic austerity have increased the risks of gangs exploiting people in Europe, as desperate people "can sometimes provide [criminals] with new victims".
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1813-880-000-people-live-lik…
Not enough done to reintegrate victims of human trafficking, UN-backed report warns
U.N. News Centre, October 10, 2013
. . .
Although human trafficking is recognized as modern-day slavery, many victims of the scourge in the Greater Mekong Sub-region of South-East Asia are not given adequate help for reintegration into their communities, according to a United Nations-backed report released today.
“Any support offered to victims of trafficking needs to be given in a way that restores a sense of control for the victims over their own lives,” the regional project manager for the UN Inter-agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP), said of the study, commissioned by the Governments of the Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking (COMMIT) - Cambodia, China, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
“When support is provided in a way that does not respect the will of the victims, or is even provided against their will, this may result in further trauma and a continuation of their victimization.”
She called the report “an important first step in understanding the reintegration experiences of trafficking victims,” which will help inform service providers and policymakers on how to improve assistance “to ensure that trafficking victims in the region can overcome their experiences and go on to lead happy, healthy and productive lives.”
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1817-not-enough-done-to-rein…
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UN must strengthen laws to protect migrant domestic workers
Source: The Guardian, October 4, 2013
. . .
Domestic labour is commonplace worldwide, especially in the Middle East, where the ILO estimates nearly a quarter to a third of the region's 22 million migrant workers are women engaged domestically.
In Israel, about 50,000 migrant workers from countries such as the Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka and India are employed as round-the-clock caregivers for the elderly and people with disabilities. They are a section of the workforce excluded from employment law, which covers hours and conditions.
Further north, in Lebanon, where demand for migrant domestic workers has increased over the past 10-15 years, there are more than 200,000 migrant domestic workers. They are routinely denied their rights, including the right to resign except in extreme circumstances, such as pay being withheld, or physical or sexual abuse (which requires medical certification), or they risk detention for breach of contract.
In Egypt, there were, at the last count, about 245,000 migrant workers, a sizeable proportion of whom are believed to be employed on the domestic front. The country's labour laws entirely exclude that category of worker, leaving them vulnerable to abuse, and to violation of their rights.
The two-day, high-level dialogue, which ends on Friday, is looking at how to improve rights for migrants, and the international mechanisms that support them.
We urge delegates at the conference to agree steps that mean migrant workers have the same rights and protections as other workers, not least domestic workers, who are often forgotten such discussions.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1771-un-must-strengthen-laws…
Remittances to India hit record
Migration and Development Brief, October 8, 2013
. . .
While actual data has not yet been compiled for the third quarter of 2013, money transfer operators are reporting a surge in remittances, as Indian migrants benefit from a higher value of their remittances in India (figure 20). Projected remittances to India of $71 billion for 2013 as whole (about 3.7 per cent of the GDP) will continue to make a major contribution to India's economy. For purposes of comparison, remittances in the first half of 2013 were $35.6 billion, slightly higher than total receipts from exports of telecommunications, computer and information services during the same period.
The estimate also shows that growth of remittances has been robust in all regions of the world, except for Latin America and the Caribbean, where growth decelerated due to a sharp decline in remittances to Mexico.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1778-remittances-to-india-hi…
Trafficking of women for sex in UK worth £130m
The trade in the human trafficking of foreign women to be sexually exploited in the UK is worth at least £130 million, a Home Office report suggests.
By Rosa Silverman
The Telegraph, October 7, 2013
. . .
Organised crime was responsible for all such trafficking, the report said.
A study of the problem carried out in 2009 identified 2,600 foreign women in England and Wales who were victims of human trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation.
A further 9,200 were identified as vulnerable to being trafficked or may have been trafficked previously.
The report, entitled Understanding Organised Crime: Estimating the Scale and the Social and Economic Costs, warned that the £130 million figure was likely to be an underestimate.
It estimated the social and economic costs of the problem at £890 million.
The authors wrote: “The suffering caused by human trafficking is extensive.”
The total social and economic costs of organised crime in general were estimated to be at least £24 billion per year.
This includes the trade in the supply of illicit drugs, whose social and economic costs are estimated at £10.7 billion, and organised fraud, which is thought to cost the UK £8.9 billion.
The damage caused by organised child sexual exploitation was valued at £1.1 billion.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1784-trafficking-of-women-fo…
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27.
Human Mobility
Boletim 100-101, Ano X, September-October 2013
http://csem.org.br/images/downloads/boletins/Boletim_Mobilidade_Humana_…
English language content:
Russia: Sochi Migrant Workers Targeted for Expulsion
End Mass Sweeps, Arbitrary Detention Ahead of Olympic Games
Russian authorities in Sochi have rounded up hundreds of migrant workers for alleged violations of migration or employment regulations. Many have been held in arbitrary and inhuman detention conditions. The detentions of migrant workers, many of whom worked on Olympic construction sites, come less than five months before Russia will host the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.
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http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1759-russia-sochi-migran…
Remittances to India hit record
India has emerged as the largest recipient of foreign remittances among the developing economies in 2013 with a remittance inflow of $71 billion, a World Bank report on Migration and Development Brief says.
According to the report, Non-Resident Indians (NRI) sent a record $71 billion home in 2013 compared to $70 billion in 2012. The report claims that NRIs are estimated to remit up to $85 billion dollars a year by 2015.
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http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1778-remittances-to-indi…
German cities suffer from poor immigrant influx
German cities have been complaining that immigrants from poor EU countries are taking advantage of the nation's welfare system. The EU says Germany profits from immigration and has nothing to whine about.
By Michael Lawton
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1797-german-cities-suffer-fr…
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Malaysia arrests hundreds of suspected illegals
Malaysia's Immigration Department arrested 2,433 people during a major swoop across the country to flush out illegal immigrants, Bernama news agency reported.
Home Minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said the arrests Monday in 40 operations were the first and warned that more well-planned raids and arrests are coming.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1647-malaysia-arrests-hundre…
Sweden offers residency to all Syrian refugees
Swedish migration authorities have ruled that all Syrian asylum seekers who have come to Sweden will be granted permanent residency in light of the worsening conflict in Syria.
Sweden is the first country in the EU to offer permanent residency to refugees from Syria, news agency TT reported.
The decision covers all asylum seekers from Syria who have been granted temporary residency in Sweden for humanitarian protection. They will now receive permanent residence permits, the Swedish Migration Board (Migrationsverket) announced on Tuesday.
Previously, around half of Syrian asylum seekers had been granted permanent residency, with the remaining half receiving three-year residence permits... (to be continued) TOP
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1653-sweden-offers-residency…
France: Immigrant medics steadily increase
The number of medical practitioners in France is 216,000, among which 17,835 were trained elsewhere, representing almost 10% of the total, according to the Centre National de l’Ordre des Médecins (CNOM), which registers doctors in practice.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1660-france-immigrant-medics…
Morocco seeking help from Europe on migration
Morocco's official human rights group has called for a new policy to integrate immigrants in the country with the help of European funding, amid persistent criticism over their treatment at the hands of security forces.
Responding to the recommendation, King Mohammed VI met with government officials on Tuesday and agreed a new policy is needed, noting that migration from of sub-Saharan Africans has quadrupled and there are now also Spanish and French fleeing Europe's economic crisis.
Morocco has long been a major transit point for immigrants from all over Africa seeking a better life in Europe, whether by crossing the Mediterranean Sea or trying to storm the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla on the Moroccan coast
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1681-morocco-seeking-help-fr…
Norwegians more sceptical to foreign women with hijabs
Muslim women not wearing the Hijab were not viewed any differently than women from other immigrant backgrounds, a study of Norwegians’ attitudes towards immigrants demonstrates. This changed when it was worn, however.
“The Hijab seems to have been an important symbol of 'foreignness'. It would be interesting to know exactly what negative connotations the Hijab awakens in the majority population,” Zan Strabac, an associate professor at Sør-Trøndelag University College (HiST/TØH), told Klassekampen. The results suggest that it is not the woman's religion that causes scepticism amongst Norwegians but the religious headgear itself, which covers her hair.
Mr Strabac was one of several who collaborated on the project, an experimental study researching Norwegians? attitudes to immigrants.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1703-norwegians-more-sceptic…
Asian states not favoured for women migrants: UN
Asian countries do not appear to be the preferred destination for women’s migration, revealed data on global migration released by United Nations on Thursday.
The data showed the highest percentage of international female migration was to Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean and North America.
Globally, women account for about half of all international migrants at 48 per cent.
The data on migration trends from 1990 to 2013 reveal a decline in the proportion of women migrants in Asia and Africa.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1731-asian-states-not-favour…
Rohingya Muslim Migrants Caught In Limbo Between India And Bangladesh
The historic conflict between the Indian state of West Bengal and the nation of Bangladesh has enacted a new chapter over concerns that many Rohingya Muslims have been illegally crossing into West Bengal from Bangladesh.
By Palash Ghosh
Officials with the Indian Border Security Force?s South Bengal Frontier (BSF) said they have arrested more than one hundred illegal Rohingya immigrants this year, and most of them likely came from Myanmar, where they have faced a brutal campaign of repression from the authorities.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1692-rohingya-muslim-migrant…
Western shrimp imports fuel trafficking of Burmese migrants
By Hanna Hindstrom
Western demand for Thai-produced shrimps is fuelling an epidemic of abuses, including child and forced labour, among Burmese migrants working in the poorly-regulated industry, a new report warned on Thursday.
The London-based Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) accused Thailand of using trafficking as an “inherent” part of its economic model in order to secure higher profits, while western companies continue to look the other way.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1725-western-shrimp-imports-…
China's stolen children: parents battle police indifference in search for young
Tens of thousands of children are snatched and sold into slavery every year, but parents say they get little help with their search
By Charles Custer
. . .
Tens of thousands of children are kidnapped in China each year for sale into adoption, street life, forced labour and prostitution.
The horror faced by parents whose children are stolen is highlighted in Chinese and international media whenever there is a particularly disturbing case. Recently police arrested a hospital doctor in Shaanxi province over her alleged role in stealing newborn babies and selling them. The police investigation managed to track down some of the missing babies and reunite them with their parents.
But that is an unusually happy ending in a country where parents say they are battling police indifference as well as traffickers in the hunt to find missing children.
In 2011, Chinese police rescued 8,660 abducted children, but it is likely that at least double that number were kidnapped. China does not release official figures relating to child trafficking, so estimates are based on the numbers of missing-child reports posted by parents online and of children reported rescued each year.
Estimates range from 10,000 kidnapped per year to as high as 70,000. Most parents who lose children stand very little chance of seeing them again.
At the national level, China takes child abduction very seriously. It has a national anti-kidnapping taskforce that investigates and infiltrates trafficking rings, and there are frequent anti-kidnapping campaigns that encourage citizens to report anything suspicious. But at local level, where the first, crucial reports will be made when a child goes missing, parents say the police just don't seem to care.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1732-china-s-stolen-children…
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28.
International Migration Review
Volume 47, Issue 3, Fall 2013
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.2013.47.issue-3/issuetoc
Articles:
The Migration–Development Nexus and Organizational Time
By Peggy Levitt and N. Rajaram
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12034/abstract
Global Changes and Gendered Responses: The Feminization of Migration From Georgia
By Erin Trouth Hofmann and Cynthia J. Buckley
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12035/abstract
Giving from the Heart or from the Ego? Motives behind Remittances of the Second Generation in Europe
By Tineke Fokkema, Eralba Cela and Elena Ambrosetti
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12032/abstract
Calibrated Ambitions: Low Educational Ambition as a Form of Strategic Adaptation Among Chinese Youth in Spain
By Jessica Yiu
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12037/abstract
Why Immigrant Background Matters for University Participation: A Comparison of Switzerland and Canada
By Garnett Picot and Feng Hou
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12038/abstract
Labor Market Competition and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment: Occupations as Contexts
By Robert M. Kunovich
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12046/abstract
Home Equity of New Legal Immigrants in the United States: An Evaluation of Three Key Theoretical Perspectives
By Eileen Diaz McConnell and Ilana Redstone Akresh
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12040/abstract
Ethnic Concentration and Nonprofit Organizations: The Political and Urban Geography of Immigrant Services in Boston, Massachusetts
By Pascale Joassart-Marcelli
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12041/abstract
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29.
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 39, No. 10, December 2013
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/cjms20/current
Selected articles:
Language Boundaries and the Subjective Well-Being of Immigrants in Europe
By Harald Beier and Clemens Kroneberg
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833685#.UnLuO…
Post-Multicultural Cities: A Comparison of Minority Politics in Amsterdam and Los Angeles, 1970–2010
By Walter Nicholls and Justus Uitermark
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833686#.UnLuU…
Integration Discourses and the Generational Trajectories of Civic Engagement in Multi-Nation States: A Comparison of the Canadian Provinces of Quebec and Ontario
By Emily Laxer
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.815432#.UnKZZ…
The Attachments of New York City Caribbean Indian Immigrants to Indian Culture, Indian Immigrants and India
By Pyong Gap Min
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833688#.UnKZU…
The Selective Integration of Muslim Immigrant Women in the United States: Explaining Islam's Paradoxical Impact
By Saba Senses Ozyurt
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833691#.UnKZK…
How Do Husbands Affect the Labour Market Participation of Majority and Immigrant Women?
By Idunn Brekke
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833693#.UnKXS…
Social Isolation, Loneliness and Return Migration: Evidence from Older Irish Adults
By Alan Barrett and Irene Mosca
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833694#.UnKVW…
School Segregation and the Secondary-School Achievements of Youth in the Netherlands
By Brooke Sykes and Hans Kuyper
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833707#.UnKTJ…
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30.
Migration News
Vol. 20 No. 4, October 2013
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/
THE AMERICAS
Immigration Reform: House
. . .
Enforcement. The Legal Workforce Act (HR 1772) would require all employers to use the internet-based E-Verify system to check the immigration status of employees within two years, sooner than the four years allowed by the Senate bill. HR 1772 would allow employers to use E-Verify to check their current workforce as long as the employer's entire workforce is checked.
Currently, all newly hired workers and their employers complete I-9 forms to confirm that the worker presented, and the employer saw, documents attesting that the worker is legally authorized to work in the US. Employers retain these I-9 forms, which can be inspected by immigration authorities. Employers participating in E-Verify send the employee information to DHS, which checks it against government databases and within seconds issues work-authorized confirmations or tentative nonconfirmations (TNCs). Most workers who receive TNCs quit rather than contact the government to clear up their data.
Under HR 1772, employers who use E-Verify would generally be spared fines for knowingly hiring unauthorized workers, and they would be required to explain to workers receiving TNCs how to contact the government and fix any errors in its databases. HR 1772 would require unions that refer workers to employers to use E-Verify to check the workers they refer.
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http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3856_0_2_0
DHS: USCIS, E-Verify
. . .
ICE. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency that enforces immigration laws inside the US, removed almost 410,000 foreigners in FY12, up from 397,000 in FY11. Some say that "traditional" ICE removals are down because ICE is counting as removals foreigners apprehended by the Border Patrol just inside the US. In FY08, there were about 240,000 interior removals and 130,000 border removals, but in FY12 there were 180,000 interior removals and 230,000 border removals.
Over the past four years, ICE has audited the I-9 employment records of over 10,000 employers and levied at least $100,000 in fines on employers who failed to complete I-9 forms correctly. Washington organic herb grower HerbCo paid $1 million for hiring unauthorized workers and rehiring some after firing them at ICE's instruction.
ICE audited 3,000 US employers in FY13, and notified another 1,000 employers in September 2013 that it would be auditing the I-9 forms of their newly hired workers. I-9 forms are signed by workers to demonstrate that they presented documents showing they are legally authorized to work in the US, and by employers to demonstrate that they have seen worker documents. Most of the suspect workers detected during ICE audits quit rather than contest the suspicion that they are unauthorized.
Many employers sign up for E-Verify, the internet-based system that allows employers to submit data provided by newly hired workers and receive almost instant confirmation of whether the worker is authorized to work in the US, as a way to avoid I-9 audits.
USCIS. US Citizenship and Immigration Services, which operates E-Verify, reported that over 467,000 establishments were enrolled in July 2013 and that most employers who use E-Verify were satisfied. A February 2013 survey of 1,350 participating employers found that over 85 percent would continue to use E-Verify even if they were not required to do so. Many states and the federal government require employers to participate in E-Verify.
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http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3857_0_2_0
Labor, Wages, H-1B
. . .
H-1B. Employers filed petitions for 307,700 H-1B visas in FY12, and USCIS approved 262,600. There are 65,000 H-1B "regular" visas available each year to for-profit employers, plus 20,000 for foreigners with an advanced degree from a US university, plus an unlimited number for nonprofits and universities. Almost two-thirds of the employer petitions for H-1B workers sought visas for Indians and 60 percent were for workers in computer-related occupations.
Over 55 percent of foreigners receiving H-1B visas for the first time were under 30. Of those who received H-1B visas, 46 percent had a BS, 41 percent an MS, and 12 percent a PhD or MD. The median wage for all approved H-1B visas in FY12 was $70,000 a year.
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http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3858_0_2_0
Foreign-born, Unauthorized
The US had 40 million foreign-born residents in 2010, making immigrants almost 13 percent of the 304 million US residents. Between 2000 and 2010, the number of foreign-born US residents rose by nine million, from 31 million to 40 million, while the number of US-born residents rose by 20 million, from 250 million to 270 million, that is, almost a third of US population growth was due to immigration.
Between 1990 and 2010, the number of foreign-born US residents doubled.
Mexico is the leading country of origin of foreign-born US residents. In 2010, over 30 percent or 12 million immigrants were born in Mexico, followed by 11 million born in Asia and seven million born in Central America and the Caribbean. After Mexico, the leading countries of origins were China, 2.2 million; India and the Philippines, 1.8 million each; Vietnam and El Salvador, 1.2 million each; and Cuba and Korea, 1.1 million each. These eight countries, each accounting for over a million foreign-born US residents, were the source of over half of US immigrants.
About 16 percent of US workers were born abroad. Only seven percent of US-born workers lack a high-school diploma, compared with 28 percent of immigrant workers.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3859_0_2_0
Canada, Mexico
Over half of Canada's almost 276,000 immigrants in 2012 were from Asian countries. Canada altered its point system in 2013 in response to many newcomers being unable to earn as much as Canadians with similar levels of education. More points are now awarded for fluency in French and English, credentials that are likely to be recognized in Canada, and Canadian experience, including whether the foreigner seeking an immigrant visa has a Canadian job offer.
During the 1970s, when most immigrants were from Europe, newcomers earned 85 to 90 percent as much as Canadian natives. Immigrant earnings fell to 60 to 70 percent of Canadians' earnings in recent years.
. . .
Mexico. Mexico had 27 million people in 1950 and 50 million in 1970, as the population rose by over three percent a year. Mexico today has a population of 118 million that is increasing by 1.5 percent a year, half as fast. The average Mexican woman has 2.2 children, slightly more than the 2.1 replacement rate (Guatemala has the highest TFR in the Western Hemisphere, almost four).
Mexican economic growth averaged 2.2 percent a year between 2001 and 2012, limiting the growth in per capita income. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto announced four major policy changes in 2013 aimed at speeding economic growth, creating jobs and raising incomes.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3860_0_2_0
EUROPE
EU: Migrants
. . .
There were 49 million foreign-born residents in the EU-27 countries in 2011, meaning that almost 10 percent of EU residents were born outside the country in which they were living. A third were born in other EU member countries, as with Italians in Germany, and two-thirds were born in a non-EU country, as with Turks in Germany. Some of the foreign-born residents were naturalized citizens of the countries in which they were living, but 33 million remained citizens of their country of birth, including 20 million who were citizens of non-EU countries.
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http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3861_0_4_0
UK: Migrants, Unauthorized
. . .
Opinion polls suggest that more Britons want "British jobs for British workers." Even though the EU guarantees freedom of movement for citizens of member countries, almost three-fourths of Britons say that British firms should not be allowed to hire EU nationals when almost a million British youth cannot find jobs. There are fears that the anti-migrant UK Independence Party (UKIP) could draw enough votes away from the Conservatives in elections expected in May 2015 to allow the Labor Party to regain power.
Unauthorized. There are believed to be over 500,000 unauthorized foreigners in the UK. In July 2013, the government sent vans carrying ads into migrant neighborhoods advising unauthorized foreigners to go home, and followed up with random checks at railway stations aimed at detecting unauthorized foreigners. Advocates accused the police of racial and ethnic profiling.
The government in August 2013 announced plans to require tourists from six countries, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nigeria and Ghana, to post L3,000 bonds that would be forfeited if the visitors did not leave as required after six months; nationals of these countries in the UK more than three months must also register with local police. Britain has not had exit checks since the 1980s, and the government portrayed the bond program as allowing high-risk individuals to visit the UK.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3862_0_4_0
ASIA
Middle East
. . .
Qatar. Qatar is building $100 billion worth of facilities to host the 2022 World Cup, and 1.2 million migrant workers are over 95 percent of private-sector workers. The Qatar Foundation (QF) is trying to improve conditions for migrant workers, requiring contractors who receive QF contracts to pay in-bound transportation costs and provide migrants with at least three weeks of paid vacation a year.
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) in September 2013 charged that up to 600 workers a year could die in constructing Qatar's infrastructure for the World Cup. The ITUC's Sharan Burrow asserted that Qatar is a "slave state," adding, "That's an extreme statement, I know, in the 21st century. But what else can you call an environment where workers are totally controlled by an employer?"
The Nepali embassy in Qatar disputed assertions that Nepalis were dying in large numbers. It reported 341,000 Nepalis in Qatar in 2013, and 279 Nepali deaths in Qatar in 2012, including 20 percent at Qatari work sites. Many worker deaths in Qatar are attributed to heart failure rather than workplace accidents. Qatar's minister of labor promised more inspections to ensure that labor laws were obeyed.
Israel. Israel's Supreme Court in September 2013 overturned a law that allowed the government to detain without trial for up to three years foreigners who enter the country without visas. Some 60,000 Africans, mostly from Sudan or Eritrea, entered Israel since 2005, and detention was aimed at deterring more from arriving. Israel is completing a steel fence along its border with Egypt in the Sinai Peninsula to make it harder for "infiltrators" to enter.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3870_0_3_0
OTHER
Australia: Pacific Solution
. . .
Immigration. Both Australia and New Zealand select most of their immigrants on the basis of point systems that award points to individuals for being young and knowing English and having skills. There are several doors or streams for skilled immigrants, plus separate streams for immigrants coming to join family members and refugees. In 2011-12, almost 185,000 immigrants arrived in Australia, including two-thirds who were admitted because a member of the family scored sufficient points. Three countries, India (29,000), China (25,500), and the UK (25,300), sent over 40 percent of Australia's immigrants.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3871_0_5_0
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31.
Resenha
Ano 24, No. 92, September 2013
http://csem.org.br/images/downloads/resenhas/Resenha_n__92_-_Setembro_2…
English language content:
Immigration seen as Britain's biggest problem: Poll
. . .
Sunder Katwala, director of 'British Future', said the survey highlighted a national anxiety about immigration to which national politicians needed to respond. An expected influx from new EU member states of Bulgaria and Romania has thrown the issue into the limelight this week, with communities and local government secretary Eric Pickles stressing on "problems" this is expected to cause. Prime Minister David Cameron also backed these fears, saying any influx is "a very difficult calculation to make" and "the detail is not there yet".
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/681-immigration-seen-as-…
Majority of U.S. citizens say illegal immigrants should be deported
More than half of U.S. citizens believe that most or all of the country's 11 million illegal immigrants should be deported, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll released on Wednesday that highlights the difficulties facing lawmakers trying to reform the U.S. immigration system.
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/824-majority-of-u-s-citi…
Germany rejects Romania and Bulgaria's bid to roam Europe without passport amid fears of 'immigrant invasion'
Romania and Bulgaria expected to apply to join EU's Schengen area 'Germany will veto it and they will fail,' says interior minister Friedrich Mayor of Duisburg has warned against flood of Romanian immigrants
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/csem/noticias/868-germany-rejects-romania-and-bu…
Georgia and Alabama Still See Undocumented Workers Despite Strict Immigration Laws
Georgia and Alabama's agricultural areas are still heavily populated with foreign workers, many of whom don't have legal authorization to be here, two years after the states passed laws designed to drive away people living in the country illegally. There are still concerns over enforcement and lingering fears among immigrants, but in many ways it appears that people have gone on with life much as it was before the laws were enacted. Farmers say many of the foreign workers have returned because the laws are not heavily enforced and it once again seems safe to be here. But the story is more complicated than that: Some are still staying away or have gone underground, according to community activists, and some farmers say they are filling labor shortages not with returning immigrants but with workers hired through a program that grants temporary legal visas.
. . .
http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/07/06/georgia-alabama-st…
How Switzerland Is Quietly Criminalizing Its Asylum Seekers
Switzerland now restricts would-be refugees as if they were illegal migrants.
By Magda Fahsi
. . .
http://www.mintpressnews.com/switzerland-is-quietly-criminalizing-its-a…
Immigrant deportation bill among headliners of California Legislature's final week
By Josh Richman
Of the hundreds of bills California lawmakers will act on this week, few combine as many incendiary issues -- illegal immigration, civil rights, crime and punishment -- as the so-called TRUST Act. The measure would in many cases prevent California law-enforcement agencies from participating in a federal immigration dragnet that has led to millions of deportations. Gov. Jerry Brown last year vetoed a similar bill, but its supporters are trying again because they say that holding people without due process, whether they are in the country legally or not, is a matter of civil rights.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1695-immigrant-deportation-b…
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32.
Rural Migration News
Vol. 19 No. 4, October 2013
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/
RURAL AMERICA
California: Jobs, Immigration
The eight-county San Joaquin Valley had four million residents in 2012, a labor force of 1.8 million, and an unemployment rate of 15 percent. There are 62 cities in the 25,000-square mile San Joaquin Valley.
Most San Joaquin Valley counties and cities have economic development agencies to speed the creation of middle-class jobs that pay at least $15 an hour or $30,000 a year (www.centralcalifornia.org). Several types of industries are targeted for "good jobs," including food processing, logistics, manufacturing and renewable energy. Living costs and wages are lower in the San Joaquin Valley than in coastal California, but many San Joaquin Valley workers lack the education needed to perform jobs offering higher wages, which deters some of those looking to relocate from moving their operations to the San Joaquin Valley.
Fresno, Kern and San Joaquin counties have almost two-thirds of San Joaquin Valley residents. Each has a large agricultural sector, but Kern county is an important producer of oil and gas and the western part of San Joaquin county is an extension of the San Francisco Bay area economy.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1777_0_2_0
IMMIGRATION
Immigration Reform: House
. . .
Enforcement. The House Judiciary Committee approved two enforcement bills that would affect agriculture. The Legal Workforce Act (HR 1772) would require all employers to use the internet-based E-Verify system to check the immigration status of employees within two years, sooner than the four years allowed by the Senate bill. HR 1772 would allow employers to use E-Verify to check their current workforce as long as the employer's entire workforce is checked.ÿ
Currently, all newly hired workers and their employers complete I-9 forms to confirm that the worker presented, and the employer saw, documents attesting that the worker is legally authorized to work in the US. Employers retain these I-9 forms, which can be inspected by immigration authorities. Employers participating in E-Verify send the employee information to DHS, which checks it against government databases and within seconds issues work-authorized confirmations or tentative nonconfirmations (TNCs). Most workers who receive TNCs quit rather than contact the government to clear up their data.
Under HR 1772, employers who use E-Verify would generally be spared fines for knowingly hiringÿunauthorized workers, and they would be required to explain to workers receiving TNCs how to contact the government and fix any errors in its databases. HR 1772 would require unions that refer workers to employers to use E-Verify to check the workers they refer.
HR 1772 aims to reduce identity theft by allowing individuals to "lock" their Social Security numbers so that they could not be used by someone else to get a job; parents could also lock the SSNs of their children. HR 1772 calls for the government to monitor and lock SSNs that exhibit patterns of unusual use to obtain jobs.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1785_0_4_0
White House, Labor Shortages
. . .
The White House report said that legalization could increase farm worker earnings up to 10 percent if newly legalized workers learned English and acquired skills, which may also encourage them to leave for nonfarm jobs. It cited studies that conclude that immigrant workers complement US workers, raise their wages, and push US-born workers similar to immigrant farm workers up the US job ladder.
The White House report argued that new guest worker programs will better protect legal foreign and US workers because immigration reform will give the government new tools to crack down on employers who hire unauthorized workers. Under Senate bill S 744, farmers will have four years until they must use E-Verify to check new hires, and DHS will study how E-Verify works in agriculture.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1786_0_4_0
H-2A; H-2B
H-2A. The US Department of State issued 65,345 H-2A visas in FY12 and rejected 8,000 applications for H-2A visas. In FY11, DOS issued 55,384 H-2A visas and rejected 5,850 applications.
The North Carolina Growers Association reported bringing 9,500 H-2A workers into the US in 2013, while the Washington Farm Labor Association recruited 3,400 H-2A workers for its members. NCGA and WAFLA in summer 2013 said they preferred the agricultural provisions of HR 1773 to S 744 because the House bill would impose fewer obligations on farm employers of guest workers.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1787_0_4_0
DHS: Enforcement, E-Verify
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) had a $60 billion budget in FY13, including $50 billion in appropriated funds and $10 billion in fees collected from applicants for services. The largest DHS agencies included the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Customs and Border Protection agency, each with $12 billion budgets; the US Coast Guard, $10.5 billion; the Transportation Security Administration, $8 billion; Immigration Customs and Enforcement Agency, $6 billion; and US Citizenship and Immigration Services, $3 billion.
ICE. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency that enforces immigration laws inside the US, removed almost 410,000 foreigners in FY12, up from 397,000 in FY11. Some say that "traditional" ICE removals are down because ICE is counting as removals foreigners apprehended by the Border Patrol just inside the US. In FY08, there were about 240,000 interior removals and 130,000 border removals, but in FY12 there were 180,000 interior removals and 230,000 border removals.
Over the past four years, ICE has audited the I-9 employment records of over 10,000 employers and levied at least $100,000 in fines on employers who failed to complete I-9 forms correctly.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1788_0_4_0
OTHER
Migrants, Remittances
. . .
Remittances. The World Bank reported that remittances to developing countries were over $1 billion a day in 2012, a total $389 billion, and are expected to top $414 billion in 2013 and approach $500 billion in 2015. Leading recipients in 2013 included India, $71 billion; China, $60 billion; Philippines, $26 billion; Mexico, $22 billion; and Nigeria, $21 billion. These five countries received over half of remittances to developing countries.
The average cost of remitting $300 over national borders has stabilized at nine percent of the amount transferred or $27. However, some banks have begun imposing additional fees on incoming wires, up to five percent of the amount transferred.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1794_0_5_0
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Publication page
E-mail Update
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4.Netherlands
REPORTS, ARTICLES, ETC.
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14.U.K.
15.Australia
BOOKS
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JOURNALS
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31.
32.
1.
Moncrieffe v. Holder: Exploring the Legal Landscape of Section 101(a)(43)(B) of the Act
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2.
Nonimmigrant Admissions to the United States: 2012
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3.
Annual Risk Analysis 2013
Table of contents
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4.
Population growth Caribbean Netherlands as a result of immigration
Excerpt:
More immigrants
With 2.2 thousand and 2.3 thousand respectively, immigration to the Caribbean Netherlands was considerably higher in 2011 and 2012 than in 2010 (1.8 thousand). More than one quarter of immigrants come from the Netherlands and another quarter come from the United States and Canada. More than 60 percent of immigrants from South and Central America are Peruvian and Colombian nationals and people from the Dominican Republic.
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5.
5% Think Feds Very Likely to Seal Border if New Immigration Law Passes
Rasmussen Reports, October 23, 2013
http://m.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/current_events/im…
Excerpt: Most voters continue to put more border control first in any immigration reform plan, but fewer than ever trust the federal government to actually control the border if a new plan is passed. Voters also lean toward a go-slow piece-by-piece approach to immigration reform over a comprehensive bill.
The latest Rasmussen Reports national telephone survey finds that just 25% of Likely U.S. Voters think it is even somewhat likely that the federal government will actually secure the border and prevent illegal immigration if that’s part of new immigration legislation. Sixty-five percent (65%) consider it unlikely. This includes only five percent (5%) who say the government is Very Likely to secure the border if it’s part of legislation that would give legal status to those already here illegally and 24% who feel it’s Not At All Likely. (To see survey question wording, click here.)
Confidence in the likelihood of the federal government actually securing the border fell to a previous low of 28% in late June from a high of 45% in January. This skepticism continues to be perhaps the biggest problem immigration reformers face.
Republicans want proof that the border has been secured to prevent further illegal immigration before allowing legalization of those now here illegally to go forward. The president believes the legalization process and the implementation of more border security should take place at the same time.
But only 18% of voters believe those who are now in this country illegally should be granted legal status right away. Sixty-two percent (62%) disagree and think legalization should come only after the border is secured. Nineteen percent (19%) are not sure. These attitudes are unchanged from past surveys.
Voters are evenly divided over the immigration plan passed by the U.S. Senate that would further secure the border and give most of those who entered the country illegally legal status to stay here. Forty percent (40%) favor such a plan, while 40% oppose it. Twenty percent (20%) are undecided.
Support for the plan stood at 53% in early September when voters were asked, “If you knew that the border would really be secured to prevent future illegal immigration, would you favor or oppose this plan?”
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6.
New from the Federation for American Immigration Reform
Sanctuary Policies Across the U.S.
Federation for American Immigration Reform, October 2013
http://www.fairus.org/DocServer/amnesty_2013_debate/Sanctuary_Policies_…
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7.
Crime rises among second-generation immigrants as they assimilate
By Rich Morin
Pew Research Center, October 15, 2013
http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2013/10/15/crime-rises-among-secon…
Excerpt: In her study, Bersani analyzed crime data collected from first- and second-generation immigrants. She then compared those crime rates with the other native-born adults and found striking similarities between second-generation immigrants and native-born non-Hispanic whites.
She begins her analysis by noting this well-documented phenomenon: The crime rate among first-generation immigrants—those who came to this country from somewhere else—is significantly lower than the overall crime rate and that of the second generation. It’s even lower for those in their teens and early 20s, the age range when criminal involvement peaks.
But just a generation later, the crime rate soars. In fact, it is virtually identical to the rate among native-born Americans across the most crime-prone years. As the accompanying chart taken from an earlier Bersani study shows, about a quarter of 16-year-old native-born and second-generation immigrants have committed a crime in the past year. In contrast, about 17% of the foreign-born 16-year olds have broken the law.
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8.
New from the Institute for the Study of Labor
1. Skill Mismatches in the EU: Immigrants vs. Natives
By Sandra Nieto, Alessia Matano, and Raul Ramos
Discussion Paper No. 7701, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
2. Immigration and Entrepreneurship
By Robert W. Fairlie and Magnus Lofstrom
Discussion Paper No. 7669, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
3. Money for Nothing? Ukrainian Immigrants in Poland and their Remitting Behaviors
By Pawel Kaczmarczyk
Discussion Paper No. 7666, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
4. UK Migration Policy and Migration from Eastern Partnership Countries
By Ken Clark and Stephen Drinkwater
Discussion Paper No. 7665, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
5. Costs and Benefits of Labor Mobility between the EU and the Eastern Partnership Countries: The Case of Poland
By Maciej Duszczyk, Marek Gora and Pawel Kaczmarczyk
Discussion Paper No. 7664, October 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
6. The Wider Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Migrants: A Survey of the Literature
By Max Nathan
Discussion Paper No. 7653, September 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
7. Regional Variations in Attitudes Towards Refugees: Evidence from Great Britain
By Heaven Crawley, Stephen Drinkwater and Rukhsana Kauser
Discussion Paper No. 7647, September 2013
http://www.iza.org/en/webcontent/publications/papers/viewAbstract?dp_id…
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9.
New from the Migration Policy Institute
1. Immigrant Workers and the Workforce Development System in the United Kingdom
By Anne Green
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/TCM-Skills-UnitedKingdom.pdf
2. Maximizing Potential: How Countries Can Address Skills Deficits within the Immigrant Workforce
By Meghan Benton
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/pubs/TCM-Skills-ImmigrantWorkforce.pdf
3. The Lampedusa Tragedy Prompts the Question: Does the UN Have Any Impact on the World’s Migrants?
By Kathleen Newland
http://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/2013_10_07.pdf
4. Naturalization Trends in the United States
By Gregory Auclair and Jeanne Batalova
Migration Information Source, October 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?ID=970
5. The High-Level Dialogue: Sizing up Outcomes, Implications, and Future Forms of Engagement on Migration and Development
By Kathleen Newland
Migration Information Source, October 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/Feature/display.cfm?id=968
6. As Immigration Reform Stalls in Congress, Activists Take a Page from the Civil-Rights Movement
By Muzaffar Chishti and Faye Hipsman
MPI Policy Beat, October 17, 2013
http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?id=969
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10.
New from the Social Science Research Network
1. Bridges or Buffers? Motives Behind Immigrants? Religiosity - a Comparative Study of Europe and the United States
By Teresa Garcia-Munoz and Shoshana Neuman
CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP9710, October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2346247
2. Policing the Immigration Police: ICE Prosecutorial Discretion and the Fourth Amendment
By Jason A. Cade, University of Georgia Law School
113 Columbia Law Review Sidebar (2013 Forthcoming)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343710
3. Comprehensive U.S. Immigration Reform: Policy Innovation or Nondecisions?
By Richard T. Middleton IV, University of Missouri at Saint Louis
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344997
4. The Hidden Costs of Human Rights: The Case of Immigration Detention
By Michael Flynn
Global Detention Project, PSGM, Graduate Institute, Geneva
September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2344193
5. Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and the Refugee Determination Process in Canada
By Nicole LaViolette, University of Ottawa Common Law Section
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343318
6. Table of Contents and Introduction: Run for the Border Vice and Virtue in U.S. Mexico-Border Crossings
By Steven W. Bender, Seattle University School of Law
New York University Press (May 2013)
Seattle University School of Law Research Paper No. 13-16
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2341757
7. The Undocumented Closet
By Rose Cuison Villazor, University of California, Davis
North Carolina Law Review, Vol. 1, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2343388
8. The Forgotten Equality Norm in Immigration Preemption: Discrimination, Harassment, and the Civil Rights Act of 1870
By Lucas Guttentag, Yale University - Law School
8 Duke J. Const. Law & Pub. Pol'y 1 (2013)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339424
9. Windsor Beyond Marriage: Due Process, Equality, and Undocumented Immigration
By Anthony O'Rourke, SUNY Buffalo Law School
William & Mary Law Review, Forthcoming
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340850
10. 'Crimmigration' in the European Union Through the Lens of Immigration Detention
By Izabella Majcher
Global Detention Project Working Paper No. 6, September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340566
11. Smoke Screens: Is There a Correlation between Migration Euphemisms and the Language of Detention?
By Mariette Grange
Global Detention Project Working Paper No. 5, September 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340390
12. Measured Enforcement: A Policy Shift in the ICE 287(G) Program
By Mimi Tsankov, University of Denver Sturm College of Law, and Christina J. Martin, United States Department of Justice Los Angeles Immigration Court
31 U. La Verne L. Rev. 403 (2010)
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2340035
13. Tipsy: A Sobering Look at the Effects of Alcohol-Related Incidents in Immigration Removal Proceedings
By Mimi Tsankov
University of Denver Sturm College of Law
The Federal Lawyer, p. 22, September 2012
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339320
14. Mercy in Immigration Law
By Allison Brownell Tirres, DePaul University College of Law
Brigham Young University Law Review, 2014, Forthcoming
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339263
15. Immigration and Job Creation: Which Comes First?
By Jack Strauss, University of Denver Reiman School of Finance
October 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339192
16. Welfare Effects of Labor Migration
By Dmytro Vikhrov, Charles University in Prague
CERGE-EI Working Paper Series No. 491
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2339125
17. The Role of the Federal Executive in Catalyzing State Legislation on Immigration
By Pratheepan Gulasekaram, Santa Clara University School of Law and Karthick Ramakrishnan, University of California, Riverside
October 9, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2338288
18. The New Immigration Federalism
By Stella Burch Elias, University of Iowa College of Law
Ohio State Law Journal, Vol. 74, 2013
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2337662
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11.
Migration and Remittance Flows: Recent Trends and Outlook, 2013-2016
Migration and Development Brief 21, October 2, 2013
Migration and Remittances Team, Development Prospects Group
http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPROSPECTS/Resources/334934-128899…
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12.
Migration and Health: Mexican Immigrants in the U.S.
By Telesforo Ramírez García, Xochitl Castaneda, Steven P. Wallace, et al.
UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, October 1, 2013
http://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/publications/Documents/PDF/migrationreport…
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13.
Immigration Reform: Implications for Growth, Budgets and Housing
Bipartisan Policy Center, October 2013
http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/BPC_Immigration_Economi…
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14.
Immigration U.K.
Sky News Poll
A sample group, representative of the UK population, was surveyed by Sky News on their attitudes to immigration
Polling carried out by Survation 27–29 September 2013
http://interactive.news.sky.com/2013/web/immigrationUK/SkyNews_Immigrat…
Excerpt:
Which of these statements is closest to your own view?
The net increase in population is not a cause of concern to me - 16%
The Government's attempt to limit net migration to 100,000 a year is sufficient to control Britain's population - 17%
The UK population is already too large and the Government should take drastic action now to reduce migration - 67%
People in rural areas much more likely to think drastic action is needed (71% in countryside versus 53% in urban areas)
By Party:
94% of UKIP voters think drastic action is needed
75% of Conservative voters
54% of Labour voters
46% of Liberal Democrat voters
Those who have little contact with immigrants are significantly more concerned:
71% of those who don't know any immigrants well think drastic action is needed
64% of those who know immigrants through living in the same neighbourhood
58% of those who know immigrants well through friends/family/work/children
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15.
Mapping Social Cohesion
By Andrew Markus
The Scanlon Foundation Surveys 2013
http://www.scanlonfoundation.org.au/docs/2013_SocC_report_final.pdf
Excerpt:
Immigration
The 2013 survey found a majority of respondents in favour of the current immigration intake (38%) or of the view that it was ‘too low’ (13%). A large minority (42%) considered that the intake was ‘too high’, up from 38% in 2012.
Since 2010, the Scanlon Foundation surveys have asked respondents if their feelings were positive, negative or neutral towards immigrants from specified countries. There has been a consistency of opinion across the four surveys. Indicative of long-term change in Australian opinion, there is now a large measure of acceptance of groups once stigmatised. Less than 5% of respondents have indicated negative feelings towards immigrants from English-speaking countries and continental Europe, less than 15% towards immigrants from Asia. The highest level of negative feeling, at close to 25%, is towards immigrants from the Middle East.
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16.
Immigration and Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification (E-verify)
By John M. Gosselin
Nova Science Pub. Inc., 100 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1626189536, $52.00
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1626189536/centerforimmigra
Book Description: The 113th Congress is expected to take up comprehensive immigration reform. Some of the most difficult immigration policy questions on the table concern unauthorised immigration and unauthorised employment. The discussion about these issues builds on the work of prior Congresses. In 1986, following many years of debate about unauthorised immigration to the United States, Congress enacted the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA). This law sought to address unauthorised immigration, in part, by requiring all employers to examine documents presented by new hires to verify identity and work authorisation and to complete and retain employment eligibility verification (I-9) forms. Ten years later, in the face of a growing illegal alien population, Congress attempted to strengthen the employment verification process by establishing pilot programs for electronic verification, as part of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA). This book examines current legislation on electronic employment eligibility verification and evaluates proposals in terms of their potential impact on unauthorised employment; verification system accuracy, efficiency, discrimination, employer compliance, and privacy issues.
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17.
U.S. Immigration: Key Trends, Policies and Programs
By Daniel M. Turcotte
Nova Science Pub. Inc., 195 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1626189498, $123.16
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1626189498/centerforimmigra
Book Description: This book provides an overview of immigration trends that touch on the main elements of comprehensive immigration reform (CIR). Most policymakers agree that the main issues in CIR include increased border security and immigration enforcement, improved employment eligibility verification, revision of legal immigration, and options to address the millions of unauthorized aliens residing in the country. This book offers snapshots of time series data, using the most complete and consistent time series currently available for each statistic. The key findings and elements germane to the data depicted are summarized with figures. This summary offers the highlights of key immigration trends, with a focus on permanent legal immigration to the U.S.; the U.S. foreign-born population; immigration of foreign national with STEM degrees; numerical limits on employment-based immigration; and electronic employment eligibility verification.
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18.
The Politics of Immigration: Contradictions of the Liberal State
By James Hampshire
Polity, 224 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0745638988, $59.46
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0745638988/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 0745638996, $20.70
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0745638996/centerforimmigra
Book Description: Immigration is one of the most contested issues on the political agenda of liberal states across Europe and North America. While these states can be open and inclusive to newcomers, they are also often restrictive and exclusionary. The Politics of Immigration examines the sources of these apparently contradictory stances, locating answers in the nature of the liberal state itself.
The book shows how four defining facets of the liberal state - representative democracy, constitutionalism, capitalism, and nationhood - generate conflicting imperatives for immigration policymaking, which in turn gives rise to paradoxical, even contradictory, policies. The first few chapters of the book outline this framework, setting out the various actors, institutions and ideas associated with each facet. Subsequent chapters consider its implications for different elements of the immigration policy field, including policies towards economic and humanitarian immigration, as well as citizenship and integration. Throughout, the argument is illustrated with data and examples from the major immigrant-receiving countries of Europe and North America.
This book will be essential reading for students and researchers in migration studies, politics and international relations, and all those interested in understanding why immigration remains one of the most controversial and intractable policy issues in the Western world.
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19.
Model Immigrants and Undesirable Aliens: The Cost of Immigration Reform in the 1990s
By Christina Gerken
Univ. Of Minnesota Press, 352 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0816674728, $82.50
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0816674728/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 0816674736, $25.08
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0816674736/centerforimmigra
Book Description: During 1995 and 1996, President Bill Clinton signed into law three bills that altered the rights and responsibilities of immigrants: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act, the Personal Responsibility Act, and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act. Model Immigrants and Undesirable Aliens examines the changing debates around immigration that preceded and followed the passage of landmark legislation by the U.S. Congress in the mid-1990s, arguing that it represented a new, neoliberal way of thinking and talking about immigration.
Christina Gerken explores the content and the social implications of the deliberations that surrounded the development and passage of immigration reform, analyzing a wide array of writings from congressional debates and committee reports to articles and human-interest stories in mainstream newspapers. The process, she shows, disguised its underlying racism by creating discursive strategies that shaped and upheld an image of “desirable” immigrants—those who could demonstrate “personal responsibility” and an ability to contribute to the U.S. economy. Gerken finds that politicians linked immigration to complex issues: poverty, welfare reform, so-called family values, measures designed to combat terrorism, and the spiraling costs of social welfare programs.
Although immigrants were often at the center of congressional debates, politicians constructed an elaborate, abstract terminology that appeared to be unrelated to race or gender. Instead, politicians promoted neoliberal policies as the avenue to a postracist, postsexist world of opportunity for every rational consumer with an entrepreneurial spirit. Still, Gerken concludes that the passage of pathbreaking legislation was characterized by a useful tension between neoliberal assumptions and hidden anxieties about race, class, gender, and sexuality.
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20.
Reporting at the Southern Borders: Journalism and Public Debates on Immigration in the U.S. and the E.U.
By Giovanna Dell'Orto and Vicki L. Birchfield
Routledge, 286 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0415835887, $121.03
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0415835887/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 2186 KB, ASIN: B00FYR3DA8, $104.00
Book Description: Undocumented immigration across the Mediterranean and the US-Mexican border is one of the most contested transatlantic public and political issues, raising fundamental questions about national identity, security and multiculturalism—all in the glare of news media themselves undergoing dramatic transformations.
This interdisciplinary, international volume fills a major gap in political science and communication literature on the role of news media in public debates over immigration by providing unique insider’s perspectives on journalistic practices and bringing them into dialogue with scholars and immigrant rights practitioners.
After providing original comparative research by established and emerging international affairs and media scholars as well as grounded reflections by UN and IOM practitioners, the book presents candid, in-depth assessments by nine leading European and North American journalists covering immigration from the frontlines, ranging from the Guardian’s Southern Europe editor to the immigration reporter for the Arizona Republic. Their comparative reflections on the professional, institutional and technological constraints shaping news stories offer unprecedented insight into the challenges and opportunities for 21st century journalism to affect public discourse and policymaking about issues critical to the future of the transatlantic space, making the book relevant across a wide range of scholarship on the media’s impact on public affairs.
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21.
The Beast: Riding the Rails and Dodging Narcos on the Migrant Trail
By Oscar Martinez, Daniela Maria Ugaz, John Washington, and Francisco Goldman
Verso, 224 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 1781681325, $18.88
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1781681325/centerforimmigra
Paperback, ISBN: 1781682976, $13.38
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1781682976/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 3608 KB, ASIN: B00CCONUMC, 258 pp., $13.99
Book Description: One day a few years ago, 300 migrants were kidnapped between the remote desert towns of Altar, Mexico, and Sasabe, Arizona. A local priest got 120 released, many with broken ankles and other marks of abuse, but the rest vanished. Óscar Martínez, a young writer from El Salvador, was in Altar soon after the abduction, and his account of the migrant disappearances is only one of the harrowing stories he garnered from two years spent traveling up and down the migrant trail from Central America and across the US border. More than a quarter of a million Central Americans make this increasingly dangerous journey each year, and each year as many as 20,000 of them are kidnapped.
Martínez writes in powerful, unforgettable prose about clinging to the tops of freight trains; finding respite, work and hardship in shelters and brothels; and riding shotgun with the border patrol. Illustrated with stunning full-color photographs, The Beast is the first book to shed light on the harsh new reality of the migrant trail in the age of the narcotraficantes.
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22.
Foreigners, Minorities and Integration: The Muslim Immigration Experience in Britain and Germany
By Sarah Hackett
Manchester University Press, 272 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 0719083176, $88.00
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0719083176/centerforimmigra
Book Description: This book explores the arrival and development of Muslim immigrant communities in Britain and Germany during the post-1945 period through the case studies of Newcastle upon Tyne and Bremen. It traces Newcastle's South Asian Muslims and Bremen's Turkish Muslims from their initial settlement through to the end of the twentieth century, and investigates their behaviour and performance in the areas of employment, housing and education. At a time at which Islam is seen as a barrier to integration and harmony in Europe, this study demonstrates that this need not be the case.
In what is the first comparison of Muslim ethnic minorities in Britain and Germany at a local level, this book reveals that instances of integration have been frequent. It is essential reading for both academics and students with an interest in migration studies, modern Britain and Germany, and the place of Islam in contemporary Europe.
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23.
Debating Multiculturalism in the Nordic Welfare State
By Peter Kivisto and Osten Wahlbeck
Palgrave Macmillan, 364 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 023036019X, $73.26
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/023036019X/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 1107 KB, ASIN: B00FJYJV2U, $69.30
Book Description: Like many other Western democracies, the Nordic countries have vigorously debated whether it is necessary to find new ways of incorporating ethnic minorities into the larger society, leading to the need to decide whether to enter into experiments in multiculturalism or to resist such a prospect. This edited collection addresses the varied ways that four countries have addressed the issue of the inclusion of ethnic minorities - including both old minorities and recent immigrants. Because of their robust social democratic welfare policies, these nations constitute an important research site for exploring the ways in which the politics of identity and recognition play out in societies committed to redistributive politics. Put simply, can the goals of the welfare state and those of multiculturalism coexist in harmony? Are they capable of being mutually reinforcing? Or will they inevitably be at loggerheads, operating in what amounts to a zero-sum game: redistribution at the expense of recognition and vice versa?
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24.
People on the Move in a Changing Climate: The Regional Impact of Environmental Change on Migration
By Etienne Piguet and Frank Laczko
Springer, 200 pp.
Hardcover, ISBN: 9400769849, $103.20
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/9400769849/centerforimmigra
Kindle, 2740 KB, ASIN: B00FYJVW4A, $98.04
Book Description: Policymakers around the world are increasingly concerned about the likely impact of climate change and environmental degradation on the movement of people. This book takes a hard look at the existing evidence available to policymakers in different regions of the world. How much do we really know about the impact of environmental change on migration? How will different regions of the world be affected in the future? Is there evidence to show that migration can help countries adapt to environmental change ? What types of research have been conducted, how reliable is the evidence? These are some of the questions considered in this book, which presents, for the first time, a synthesis of relevant research findings for each major region of the world.
Written by regional experts, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the key findings of existing studies on the linkages between environmental change and the movement of people. More and more reports on migration and the environment are being published, but the information is often scattered between countries and within regions, and it is not always clear how much of this information is based on solid research. This book brings this evidence together for the first time, highlighting innovative studies and research gaps. In doing this, the book seeks to help decision-makers draw lessons from existing studies and to identify priorities for further research.
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25.
Citizenship Studies
Vol. 17, No. 5, October 2013
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/ccst20/current#.UnKdblOzIeB
Special Issue: Narratives and Imaginaries of Citizenship in Latin America
Selected article:
Nationalism and immigrant labor in a tropical enclave: the West Indians of Colón City, 1850–1936
By Marixa Lasso
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13621025.2013.818370#.UnKe0…
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26.
CSEM Newsletter
September-October, 2013
http://csem.org.br/
English language content:
Shortage of organs leading to increased human trafficking, warns UN expert
New Afrique Information, October 27, 2013
The UN Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, Ms. Joy Ngozi Ezeilo, has warned that a growing number of people are exploited and compelled by need or by force to provide organs for transplantation to people within their own countries or abroad.
'The root cause of trafficking in persons for the removal of organs is an acute shortage of organs for transplantation worldwide, and a mismatch between the growing demand for organ transplants and the strict limits set on available supplies,' Ms. Ezeilo said in her annual report to the UN General Assembly.
A statement on the report, obtained by PANA in New York on Saturday, stated that the Special Rapporteur also stressed that available information on trafficking in persons for the removal of organs was incomplete and often unverified.
According to her: 'This lack of information mainly results from the clandestine nature of the trafficking and from the fact that victims have little opportunities and incentives to denounce such violations.'
'Recipients are generally wealthy while victims are often poor, unemployed and with low levels of education. They can be easily deceived about the nature of the transaction and its potential impact,' she noted.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1858-shortage-of-organs-lead…
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In Libya, migrants face ordeals at sea and in jail
The Las Vegas Sun, October 23, 2013
. . .
Libya's chaos in the two years following the overthrow of dictator Moammar Gadhafi has turned the country into a prime springboard for tens of thousands of migrants, mainly from Africa, trying to reach Europe in rickety, crowded boats. With police and the military in disarray, human smuggling has reached the level of a mafia-style organized industry in which Libya's militias have gotten involved, according to activists and police.
The danger of the sea journey became particularly clear this month, with three deadly wrecks of migrant boats coming from Libya. At least 365 people, mostly Eritreans fleeing repression in their homeland, died on Oct. 3 when their boat from Libya sank off the Italian island of Lampedusa _ one of the worst verified migrant tragedies in the Mediterranean.
Detention by Libyan militias is the migrants' other potential ordeal. Activists say militias hold migrants in stores, schools and abandoned buildings as well as detention centers, abusing them and holding them hostage until they receive money from the migrants' families. Then the migrants are freed, only to try again.
"In these prisons, the principles of the Feb. 17 Revolution are being toppled down. The Libyan authorities must put an end to those pirates," a Libyan rights group called Beladi, or My Nation, said on its website, referring to the "revolution" that led to Gadhafi's ouster and death in 2011.
But Libya's government is weak, virtually hostage to the militias, which originated as rebel brigades fighting Gadhafi but have grown in size and power.
The government has put some militias on the Interior and Defense Ministries' payrolls in an effort to control them, but the militias still do whatever they want. Militiamen this month even briefly kidnapped Prime Minister Ali Zidan, who has frequently spoken of the need to rein in the armed groups.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1841-in-libya-migrants-face-…
Humanitarian crisis in Syria: Aid Coordination by the Catholic Church
Vatican, October 23, 2013
US$ 72 million allocated by Catholic humanitarian organizations to the crisis in Syria and neighbouring regions; 55 agencies operating on-field; 20 Syrian cities assisted thanks to the aid sent and 32 Catholic agencies involved so far; aid dispensed equally to refugees in Lebanon, Jordan, Turkey, Iraq, Cyprus, Egypt. These are the figures put together on 9th October thanks to the mapping of the aid distributed to date in Syria, verified following the meeting coordinating the activities carried out by the Catholic charitable organizations working on the Syrian scene, promoted by the Pontifical Council Cor Unum on 4-5 June 2013.
The Catholic Church and the local churches in the area have been involved ever since the beginning of the crisis in 2011, working to provide constant humanitarian assistance to the people affected by the dramatic internal war in Syria. Pope Francis has followed the evolution of the crisis with particular closeness and attention, as well as the work carried out by charitable agencies, which He received in audience on occasion of the meeting organized by the Pontifical Council Cor Unum. "Assisting the Syrian population, without regard for ethnic or religious affiliation, said Pope Francis on that occasion - is the most direct way to contribute to peace and to the up-building of a society open and welcoming to all of its different constituent parts”.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1850-humanitarian-crisis-in-…
Afghan Refugees Risk Human Smugglers, Deportation In Search Of A Better Life
The Huffington Post, October 23, 2013
. . .
Many Afghans are looking for an escape as more than a decade of international intervention winds down and fears grow that hardline Islamists or violent warlords will return to power.
Ambitious young men are needed to help the country to develop, but the exodus has picked up pace as uncertainty deepens, NATO-led troops pull out in 2014 and aid money dries up.
Afghans made 36,600 asylum claims in industrialised countries last year, according to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), up from 36,200 in 2011.
Even 12 years after the fall of the Taliban, Afghanistan remains the world's leading country of origin for refugees.
Afghans often choose to head to Australia, Sweden, Germany or Norway, but they face a tough battle even if they complete epic overland journeys and sea passages in rickety smugglers' boats.
In Australia, the new government came to power in September vowing to use its navy to tow the boats to back their place of origin -- typically Indonesia -- and its embassy in Kabul issues dire warning that migrants are not welcome.
Those who do reach Christmas Island, an Australian territory in the Indian Ocean, are now processed and settled in under-developed Papua New Guinea.
"Given the past experience of civil war and the Taliban rule, many Afghans feel pressured to flee the country at any cost," refugee ministry spokesman Islamudin Jurat told AFP.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1851-afghan-refugees-risk-hu…
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Migrants arrested in Moscow raids
Police in Russia have arrested more than 1,200 people in a raid targeting migrants after major riots in Moscow.
BBC, October 14, 2013
The "preventative raid" targeted workers at a vegetable warehouse, which was attacked by demonstrators on Sunday, Russian news agencies reported.
Angry protesters overran the market searching for migrant workers.
The rioting began during a protest over the killing of an ethnic Russian man on Thursday, allegedly by a Muslim migrant from the North Caucasus.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1808-migrants-arrested-in-mo…
880,000 People ‘Live Like Slaves’ Across the EU
By Ewan Palmer
International Business Times
By Ewan Palmer
At least 880,000 people are forced to work in slave-like conditions across the European Union, with more than a quarter of a million victims of sexual exploitation, according to a European Parliament committee.
The report by the European Parliament Special Committee Investigating Crime, Money Laundering and Corruption (CRIM) estimates that human trafficking alone generated around €25bn (£21bn) across the EU last year.
Cases of slave labour have been reported in all 27 countries in the EU, with the report saying woman and children are most vulnerable to exploitation.
The report states that of the 880,000 'slaves' in the EU, these notably include "children that are forced to beg, men who are forced to work for pitifully low wages, and women who are forced to work as prostitutes."
The recession and economic austerity have increased the risks of gangs exploiting people in Europe, as desperate people "can sometimes provide [criminals] with new victims".
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1813-880-000-people-live-lik…
Not enough done to reintegrate victims of human trafficking, UN-backed report warns
U.N. News Centre, October 10, 2013
. . .
Although human trafficking is recognized as modern-day slavery, many victims of the scourge in the Greater Mekong Sub-region of South-East Asia are not given adequate help for reintegration into their communities, according to a United Nations-backed report released today.
“Any support offered to victims of trafficking needs to be given in a way that restores a sense of control for the victims over their own lives,” the regional project manager for the UN Inter-agency Project on Human Trafficking (UNIAP), said of the study, commissioned by the Governments of the Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking (COMMIT) - Cambodia, China, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
“When support is provided in a way that does not respect the will of the victims, or is even provided against their will, this may result in further trauma and a continuation of their victimization.”
She called the report “an important first step in understanding the reintegration experiences of trafficking victims,” which will help inform service providers and policymakers on how to improve assistance “to ensure that trafficking victims in the region can overcome their experiences and go on to lead happy, healthy and productive lives.”
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1817-not-enough-done-to-rein…
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UN must strengthen laws to protect migrant domestic workers
Source: The Guardian, October 4, 2013
. . .
Domestic labour is commonplace worldwide, especially in the Middle East, where the ILO estimates nearly a quarter to a third of the region's 22 million migrant workers are women engaged domestically.
In Israel, about 50,000 migrant workers from countries such as the Philippines, Nepal, Sri Lanka and India are employed as round-the-clock caregivers for the elderly and people with disabilities. They are a section of the workforce excluded from employment law, which covers hours and conditions.
Further north, in Lebanon, where demand for migrant domestic workers has increased over the past 10-15 years, there are more than 200,000 migrant domestic workers. They are routinely denied their rights, including the right to resign except in extreme circumstances, such as pay being withheld, or physical or sexual abuse (which requires medical certification), or they risk detention for breach of contract.
In Egypt, there were, at the last count, about 245,000 migrant workers, a sizeable proportion of whom are believed to be employed on the domestic front. The country's labour laws entirely exclude that category of worker, leaving them vulnerable to abuse, and to violation of their rights.
The two-day, high-level dialogue, which ends on Friday, is looking at how to improve rights for migrants, and the international mechanisms that support them.
We urge delegates at the conference to agree steps that mean migrant workers have the same rights and protections as other workers, not least domestic workers, who are often forgotten such discussions.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1771-un-must-strengthen-laws…
Remittances to India hit record
Migration and Development Brief, October 8, 2013
. . .
While actual data has not yet been compiled for the third quarter of 2013, money transfer operators are reporting a surge in remittances, as Indian migrants benefit from a higher value of their remittances in India (figure 20). Projected remittances to India of $71 billion for 2013 as whole (about 3.7 per cent of the GDP) will continue to make a major contribution to India's economy. For purposes of comparison, remittances in the first half of 2013 were $35.6 billion, slightly higher than total receipts from exports of telecommunications, computer and information services during the same period.
The estimate also shows that growth of remittances has been robust in all regions of the world, except for Latin America and the Caribbean, where growth decelerated due to a sharp decline in remittances to Mexico.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1778-remittances-to-india-hi…
Trafficking of women for sex in UK worth £130m
The trade in the human trafficking of foreign women to be sexually exploited in the UK is worth at least £130 million, a Home Office report suggests.
By Rosa Silverman
The Telegraph, October 7, 2013
. . .
Organised crime was responsible for all such trafficking, the report said.
A study of the problem carried out in 2009 identified 2,600 foreign women in England and Wales who were victims of human trafficking for the purposes of sexual exploitation.
A further 9,200 were identified as vulnerable to being trafficked or may have been trafficked previously.
The report, entitled Understanding Organised Crime: Estimating the Scale and the Social and Economic Costs, warned that the £130 million figure was likely to be an underestimate.
It estimated the social and economic costs of the problem at £890 million.
The authors wrote: “The suffering caused by human trafficking is extensive.”
The total social and economic costs of organised crime in general were estimated to be at least £24 billion per year.
This includes the trade in the supply of illicit drugs, whose social and economic costs are estimated at £10.7 billion, and organised fraud, which is thought to cost the UK £8.9 billion.
The damage caused by organised child sexual exploitation was valued at £1.1 billion.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1784-trafficking-of-women-fo…
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27.
Human Mobility
Boletim 100-101, Ano X, September-October 2013
http://csem.org.br/images/downloads/boletins/Boletim_Mobilidade_Humana_…
English language content:
Russia: Sochi Migrant Workers Targeted for Expulsion
End Mass Sweeps, Arbitrary Detention Ahead of Olympic Games
Russian authorities in Sochi have rounded up hundreds of migrant workers for alleged violations of migration or employment regulations. Many have been held in arbitrary and inhuman detention conditions. The detentions of migrant workers, many of whom worked on Olympic construction sites, come less than five months before Russia will host the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.
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http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1759-russia-sochi-migran…
Remittances to India hit record
India has emerged as the largest recipient of foreign remittances among the developing economies in 2013 with a remittance inflow of $71 billion, a World Bank report on Migration and Development Brief says.
According to the report, Non-Resident Indians (NRI) sent a record $71 billion home in 2013 compared to $70 billion in 2012. The report claims that NRIs are estimated to remit up to $85 billion dollars a year by 2015.
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http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1778-remittances-to-indi…
German cities suffer from poor immigrant influx
German cities have been complaining that immigrants from poor EU countries are taking advantage of the nation's welfare system. The EU says Germany profits from immigration and has nothing to whine about.
By Michael Lawton
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1797-german-cities-suffer-fr…
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Malaysia arrests hundreds of suspected illegals
Malaysia's Immigration Department arrested 2,433 people during a major swoop across the country to flush out illegal immigrants, Bernama news agency reported.
Home Minister Ahmad Zahid Hamidi said the arrests Monday in 40 operations were the first and warned that more well-planned raids and arrests are coming.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1647-malaysia-arrests-hundre…
Sweden offers residency to all Syrian refugees
Swedish migration authorities have ruled that all Syrian asylum seekers who have come to Sweden will be granted permanent residency in light of the worsening conflict in Syria.
Sweden is the first country in the EU to offer permanent residency to refugees from Syria, news agency TT reported.
The decision covers all asylum seekers from Syria who have been granted temporary residency in Sweden for humanitarian protection. They will now receive permanent residence permits, the Swedish Migration Board (Migrationsverket) announced on Tuesday.
Previously, around half of Syrian asylum seekers had been granted permanent residency, with the remaining half receiving three-year residence permits... (to be continued) TOP
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1653-sweden-offers-residency…
France: Immigrant medics steadily increase
The number of medical practitioners in France is 216,000, among which 17,835 were trained elsewhere, representing almost 10% of the total, according to the Centre National de l’Ordre des Médecins (CNOM), which registers doctors in practice.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1660-france-immigrant-medics…
Morocco seeking help from Europe on migration
Morocco's official human rights group has called for a new policy to integrate immigrants in the country with the help of European funding, amid persistent criticism over their treatment at the hands of security forces.
Responding to the recommendation, King Mohammed VI met with government officials on Tuesday and agreed a new policy is needed, noting that migration from of sub-Saharan Africans has quadrupled and there are now also Spanish and French fleeing Europe's economic crisis.
Morocco has long been a major transit point for immigrants from all over Africa seeking a better life in Europe, whether by crossing the Mediterranean Sea or trying to storm the Spanish enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla on the Moroccan coast
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1681-morocco-seeking-help-fr…
Norwegians more sceptical to foreign women with hijabs
Muslim women not wearing the Hijab were not viewed any differently than women from other immigrant backgrounds, a study of Norwegians’ attitudes towards immigrants demonstrates. This changed when it was worn, however.
“The Hijab seems to have been an important symbol of 'foreignness'. It would be interesting to know exactly what negative connotations the Hijab awakens in the majority population,” Zan Strabac, an associate professor at Sør-Trøndelag University College (HiST/TØH), told Klassekampen. The results suggest that it is not the woman's religion that causes scepticism amongst Norwegians but the religious headgear itself, which covers her hair.
Mr Strabac was one of several who collaborated on the project, an experimental study researching Norwegians? attitudes to immigrants.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1703-norwegians-more-sceptic…
Asian states not favoured for women migrants: UN
Asian countries do not appear to be the preferred destination for women’s migration, revealed data on global migration released by United Nations on Thursday.
The data showed the highest percentage of international female migration was to Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean and North America.
Globally, women account for about half of all international migrants at 48 per cent.
The data on migration trends from 1990 to 2013 reveal a decline in the proportion of women migrants in Asia and Africa.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1731-asian-states-not-favour…
Rohingya Muslim Migrants Caught In Limbo Between India And Bangladesh
The historic conflict between the Indian state of West Bengal and the nation of Bangladesh has enacted a new chapter over concerns that many Rohingya Muslims have been illegally crossing into West Bengal from Bangladesh.
By Palash Ghosh
Officials with the Indian Border Security Force?s South Bengal Frontier (BSF) said they have arrested more than one hundred illegal Rohingya immigrants this year, and most of them likely came from Myanmar, where they have faced a brutal campaign of repression from the authorities.
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http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1692-rohingya-muslim-migrant…
Western shrimp imports fuel trafficking of Burmese migrants
By Hanna Hindstrom
Western demand for Thai-produced shrimps is fuelling an epidemic of abuses, including child and forced labour, among Burmese migrants working in the poorly-regulated industry, a new report warned on Thursday.
The London-based Environmental Justice Foundation (EJF) accused Thailand of using trafficking as an “inherent” part of its economic model in order to secure higher profits, while western companies continue to look the other way.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1725-western-shrimp-imports-…
China's stolen children: parents battle police indifference in search for young
Tens of thousands of children are snatched and sold into slavery every year, but parents say they get little help with their search
By Charles Custer
. . .
Tens of thousands of children are kidnapped in China each year for sale into adoption, street life, forced labour and prostitution.
The horror faced by parents whose children are stolen is highlighted in Chinese and international media whenever there is a particularly disturbing case. Recently police arrested a hospital doctor in Shaanxi province over her alleged role in stealing newborn babies and selling them. The police investigation managed to track down some of the missing babies and reunite them with their parents.
But that is an unusually happy ending in a country where parents say they are battling police indifference as well as traffickers in the hunt to find missing children.
In 2011, Chinese police rescued 8,660 abducted children, but it is likely that at least double that number were kidnapped. China does not release official figures relating to child trafficking, so estimates are based on the numbers of missing-child reports posted by parents online and of children reported rescued each year.
Estimates range from 10,000 kidnapped per year to as high as 70,000. Most parents who lose children stand very little chance of seeing them again.
At the national level, China takes child abduction very seriously. It has a national anti-kidnapping taskforce that investigates and infiltrates trafficking rings, and there are frequent anti-kidnapping campaigns that encourage citizens to report anything suspicious. But at local level, where the first, crucial reports will be made when a child goes missing, parents say the police just don't seem to care.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1732-china-s-stolen-children…
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28.
International Migration Review
Volume 47, Issue 3, Fall 2013
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.2013.47.issue-3/issuetoc
Articles:
The Migration–Development Nexus and Organizational Time
By Peggy Levitt and N. Rajaram
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12034/abstract
Global Changes and Gendered Responses: The Feminization of Migration From Georgia
By Erin Trouth Hofmann and Cynthia J. Buckley
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12035/abstract
Giving from the Heart or from the Ego? Motives behind Remittances of the Second Generation in Europe
By Tineke Fokkema, Eralba Cela and Elena Ambrosetti
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12032/abstract
Calibrated Ambitions: Low Educational Ambition as a Form of Strategic Adaptation Among Chinese Youth in Spain
By Jessica Yiu
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12037/abstract
Why Immigrant Background Matters for University Participation: A Comparison of Switzerland and Canada
By Garnett Picot and Feng Hou
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12038/abstract
Labor Market Competition and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment: Occupations as Contexts
By Robert M. Kunovich
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12046/abstract
Home Equity of New Legal Immigrants in the United States: An Evaluation of Three Key Theoretical Perspectives
By Eileen Diaz McConnell and Ilana Redstone Akresh
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12040/abstract
Ethnic Concentration and Nonprofit Organizations: The Political and Urban Geography of Immigrant Services in Boston, Massachusetts
By Pascale Joassart-Marcelli
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/imre.12041/abstract
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29.
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
Vol. 39, No. 10, December 2013
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/cjms20/current
Selected articles:
Language Boundaries and the Subjective Well-Being of Immigrants in Europe
By Harald Beier and Clemens Kroneberg
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833685#.UnLuO…
Post-Multicultural Cities: A Comparison of Minority Politics in Amsterdam and Los Angeles, 1970–2010
By Walter Nicholls and Justus Uitermark
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833686#.UnLuU…
Integration Discourses and the Generational Trajectories of Civic Engagement in Multi-Nation States: A Comparison of the Canadian Provinces of Quebec and Ontario
By Emily Laxer
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.815432#.UnKZZ…
The Attachments of New York City Caribbean Indian Immigrants to Indian Culture, Indian Immigrants and India
By Pyong Gap Min
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833688#.UnKZU…
The Selective Integration of Muslim Immigrant Women in the United States: Explaining Islam's Paradoxical Impact
By Saba Senses Ozyurt
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833691#.UnKZK…
How Do Husbands Affect the Labour Market Participation of Majority and Immigrant Women?
By Idunn Brekke
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833693#.UnKXS…
Social Isolation, Loneliness and Return Migration: Evidence from Older Irish Adults
By Alan Barrett and Irene Mosca
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833694#.UnKVW…
School Segregation and the Secondary-School Achievements of Youth in the Netherlands
By Brooke Sykes and Hans Kuyper
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369183X.2013.833707#.UnKTJ…
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30.
Migration News
Vol. 20 No. 4, October 2013
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/
THE AMERICAS
Immigration Reform: House
. . .
Enforcement. The Legal Workforce Act (HR 1772) would require all employers to use the internet-based E-Verify system to check the immigration status of employees within two years, sooner than the four years allowed by the Senate bill. HR 1772 would allow employers to use E-Verify to check their current workforce as long as the employer's entire workforce is checked.
Currently, all newly hired workers and their employers complete I-9 forms to confirm that the worker presented, and the employer saw, documents attesting that the worker is legally authorized to work in the US. Employers retain these I-9 forms, which can be inspected by immigration authorities. Employers participating in E-Verify send the employee information to DHS, which checks it against government databases and within seconds issues work-authorized confirmations or tentative nonconfirmations (TNCs). Most workers who receive TNCs quit rather than contact the government to clear up their data.
Under HR 1772, employers who use E-Verify would generally be spared fines for knowingly hiring unauthorized workers, and they would be required to explain to workers receiving TNCs how to contact the government and fix any errors in its databases. HR 1772 would require unions that refer workers to employers to use E-Verify to check the workers they refer.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3856_0_2_0
DHS: USCIS, E-Verify
. . .
ICE. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency that enforces immigration laws inside the US, removed almost 410,000 foreigners in FY12, up from 397,000 in FY11. Some say that "traditional" ICE removals are down because ICE is counting as removals foreigners apprehended by the Border Patrol just inside the US. In FY08, there were about 240,000 interior removals and 130,000 border removals, but in FY12 there were 180,000 interior removals and 230,000 border removals.
Over the past four years, ICE has audited the I-9 employment records of over 10,000 employers and levied at least $100,000 in fines on employers who failed to complete I-9 forms correctly. Washington organic herb grower HerbCo paid $1 million for hiring unauthorized workers and rehiring some after firing them at ICE's instruction.
ICE audited 3,000 US employers in FY13, and notified another 1,000 employers in September 2013 that it would be auditing the I-9 forms of their newly hired workers. I-9 forms are signed by workers to demonstrate that they presented documents showing they are legally authorized to work in the US, and by employers to demonstrate that they have seen worker documents. Most of the suspect workers detected during ICE audits quit rather than contest the suspicion that they are unauthorized.
Many employers sign up for E-Verify, the internet-based system that allows employers to submit data provided by newly hired workers and receive almost instant confirmation of whether the worker is authorized to work in the US, as a way to avoid I-9 audits.
USCIS. US Citizenship and Immigration Services, which operates E-Verify, reported that over 467,000 establishments were enrolled in July 2013 and that most employers who use E-Verify were satisfied. A February 2013 survey of 1,350 participating employers found that over 85 percent would continue to use E-Verify even if they were not required to do so. Many states and the federal government require employers to participate in E-Verify.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3857_0_2_0
Labor, Wages, H-1B
. . .
H-1B. Employers filed petitions for 307,700 H-1B visas in FY12, and USCIS approved 262,600. There are 65,000 H-1B "regular" visas available each year to for-profit employers, plus 20,000 for foreigners with an advanced degree from a US university, plus an unlimited number for nonprofits and universities. Almost two-thirds of the employer petitions for H-1B workers sought visas for Indians and 60 percent were for workers in computer-related occupations.
Over 55 percent of foreigners receiving H-1B visas for the first time were under 30. Of those who received H-1B visas, 46 percent had a BS, 41 percent an MS, and 12 percent a PhD or MD. The median wage for all approved H-1B visas in FY12 was $70,000 a year.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3858_0_2_0
Foreign-born, Unauthorized
The US had 40 million foreign-born residents in 2010, making immigrants almost 13 percent of the 304 million US residents. Between 2000 and 2010, the number of foreign-born US residents rose by nine million, from 31 million to 40 million, while the number of US-born residents rose by 20 million, from 250 million to 270 million, that is, almost a third of US population growth was due to immigration.
Between 1990 and 2010, the number of foreign-born US residents doubled.
Mexico is the leading country of origin of foreign-born US residents. In 2010, over 30 percent or 12 million immigrants were born in Mexico, followed by 11 million born in Asia and seven million born in Central America and the Caribbean. After Mexico, the leading countries of origins were China, 2.2 million; India and the Philippines, 1.8 million each; Vietnam and El Salvador, 1.2 million each; and Cuba and Korea, 1.1 million each. These eight countries, each accounting for over a million foreign-born US residents, were the source of over half of US immigrants.
About 16 percent of US workers were born abroad. Only seven percent of US-born workers lack a high-school diploma, compared with 28 percent of immigrant workers.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3859_0_2_0
Canada, Mexico
Over half of Canada's almost 276,000 immigrants in 2012 were from Asian countries. Canada altered its point system in 2013 in response to many newcomers being unable to earn as much as Canadians with similar levels of education. More points are now awarded for fluency in French and English, credentials that are likely to be recognized in Canada, and Canadian experience, including whether the foreigner seeking an immigrant visa has a Canadian job offer.
During the 1970s, when most immigrants were from Europe, newcomers earned 85 to 90 percent as much as Canadian natives. Immigrant earnings fell to 60 to 70 percent of Canadians' earnings in recent years.
. . .
Mexico. Mexico had 27 million people in 1950 and 50 million in 1970, as the population rose by over three percent a year. Mexico today has a population of 118 million that is increasing by 1.5 percent a year, half as fast. The average Mexican woman has 2.2 children, slightly more than the 2.1 replacement rate (Guatemala has the highest TFR in the Western Hemisphere, almost four).
Mexican economic growth averaged 2.2 percent a year between 2001 and 2012, limiting the growth in per capita income. Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto announced four major policy changes in 2013 aimed at speeding economic growth, creating jobs and raising incomes.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3860_0_2_0
EUROPE
EU: Migrants
. . .
There were 49 million foreign-born residents in the EU-27 countries in 2011, meaning that almost 10 percent of EU residents were born outside the country in which they were living. A third were born in other EU member countries, as with Italians in Germany, and two-thirds were born in a non-EU country, as with Turks in Germany. Some of the foreign-born residents were naturalized citizens of the countries in which they were living, but 33 million remained citizens of their country of birth, including 20 million who were citizens of non-EU countries.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3861_0_4_0
UK: Migrants, Unauthorized
. . .
Opinion polls suggest that more Britons want "British jobs for British workers." Even though the EU guarantees freedom of movement for citizens of member countries, almost three-fourths of Britons say that British firms should not be allowed to hire EU nationals when almost a million British youth cannot find jobs. There are fears that the anti-migrant UK Independence Party (UKIP) could draw enough votes away from the Conservatives in elections expected in May 2015 to allow the Labor Party to regain power.
Unauthorized. There are believed to be over 500,000 unauthorized foreigners in the UK. In July 2013, the government sent vans carrying ads into migrant neighborhoods advising unauthorized foreigners to go home, and followed up with random checks at railway stations aimed at detecting unauthorized foreigners. Advocates accused the police of racial and ethnic profiling.
The government in August 2013 announced plans to require tourists from six countries, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nigeria and Ghana, to post L3,000 bonds that would be forfeited if the visitors did not leave as required after six months; nationals of these countries in the UK more than three months must also register with local police. Britain has not had exit checks since the 1980s, and the government portrayed the bond program as allowing high-risk individuals to visit the UK.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3862_0_4_0
ASIA
Middle East
. . .
Qatar. Qatar is building $100 billion worth of facilities to host the 2022 World Cup, and 1.2 million migrant workers are over 95 percent of private-sector workers. The Qatar Foundation (QF) is trying to improve conditions for migrant workers, requiring contractors who receive QF contracts to pay in-bound transportation costs and provide migrants with at least three weeks of paid vacation a year.
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) in September 2013 charged that up to 600 workers a year could die in constructing Qatar's infrastructure for the World Cup. The ITUC's Sharan Burrow asserted that Qatar is a "slave state," adding, "That's an extreme statement, I know, in the 21st century. But what else can you call an environment where workers are totally controlled by an employer?"
The Nepali embassy in Qatar disputed assertions that Nepalis were dying in large numbers. It reported 341,000 Nepalis in Qatar in 2013, and 279 Nepali deaths in Qatar in 2012, including 20 percent at Qatari work sites. Many worker deaths in Qatar are attributed to heart failure rather than workplace accidents. Qatar's minister of labor promised more inspections to ensure that labor laws were obeyed.
Israel. Israel's Supreme Court in September 2013 overturned a law that allowed the government to detain without trial for up to three years foreigners who enter the country without visas. Some 60,000 Africans, mostly from Sudan or Eritrea, entered Israel since 2005, and detention was aimed at deterring more from arriving. Israel is completing a steel fence along its border with Egypt in the Sinai Peninsula to make it harder for "infiltrators" to enter.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3870_0_3_0
OTHER
Australia: Pacific Solution
. . .
Immigration. Both Australia and New Zealand select most of their immigrants on the basis of point systems that award points to individuals for being young and knowing English and having skills. There are several doors or streams for skilled immigrants, plus separate streams for immigrants coming to join family members and refugees. In 2011-12, almost 185,000 immigrants arrived in Australia, including two-thirds who were admitted because a member of the family scored sufficient points. Three countries, India (29,000), China (25,500), and the UK (25,300), sent over 40 percent of Australia's immigrants.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/mn/more.php?id=3871_0_5_0
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31.
Resenha
Ano 24, No. 92, September 2013
http://csem.org.br/images/downloads/resenhas/Resenha_n__92_-_Setembro_2…
English language content:
Immigration seen as Britain's biggest problem: Poll
. . .
Sunder Katwala, director of 'British Future', said the survey highlighted a national anxiety about immigration to which national politicians needed to respond. An expected influx from new EU member states of Bulgaria and Romania has thrown the issue into the limelight this week, with communities and local government secretary Eric Pickles stressing on "problems" this is expected to cause. Prime Minister David Cameron also backed these fears, saying any influx is "a very difficult calculation to make" and "the detail is not there yet".
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/681-immigration-seen-as-…
Majority of U.S. citizens say illegal immigrants should be deported
More than half of U.S. citizens believe that most or all of the country's 11 million illegal immigrants should be deported, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll released on Wednesday that highlights the difficulties facing lawmakers trying to reform the U.S. immigration system.
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/824-majority-of-u-s-citi…
Germany rejects Romania and Bulgaria's bid to roam Europe without passport amid fears of 'immigrant invasion'
Romania and Bulgaria expected to apply to join EU's Schengen area 'Germany will veto it and they will fail,' says interior minister Friedrich Mayor of Duisburg has warned against flood of Romanian immigrants
. . .
http://www.csem.org.br/csem/noticias/868-germany-rejects-romania-and-bu…
Georgia and Alabama Still See Undocumented Workers Despite Strict Immigration Laws
Georgia and Alabama's agricultural areas are still heavily populated with foreign workers, many of whom don't have legal authorization to be here, two years after the states passed laws designed to drive away people living in the country illegally. There are still concerns over enforcement and lingering fears among immigrants, but in many ways it appears that people have gone on with life much as it was before the laws were enacted. Farmers say many of the foreign workers have returned because the laws are not heavily enforced and it once again seems safe to be here. But the story is more complicated than that: Some are still staying away or have gone underground, according to community activists, and some farmers say they are filling labor shortages not with returning immigrants but with workers hired through a program that grants temporary legal visas.
. . .
http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/07/06/georgia-alabama-st…
How Switzerland Is Quietly Criminalizing Its Asylum Seekers
Switzerland now restricts would-be refugees as if they were illegal migrants.
By Magda Fahsi
. . .
http://www.mintpressnews.com/switzerland-is-quietly-criminalizing-its-a…
Immigrant deportation bill among headliners of California Legislature's final week
By Josh Richman
Of the hundreds of bills California lawmakers will act on this week, few combine as many incendiary issues -- illegal immigration, civil rights, crime and punishment -- as the so-called TRUST Act. The measure would in many cases prevent California law-enforcement agencies from participating in a federal immigration dragnet that has led to millions of deportations. Gov. Jerry Brown last year vetoed a similar bill, but its supporters are trying again because they say that holding people without due process, whether they are in the country legally or not, is a matter of civil rights.
. . .
http://csem.org.br/index.php/csem/noticias/1695-immigrant-deportation-b…
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32.
Rural Migration News
Vol. 19 No. 4, October 2013
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/
RURAL AMERICA
California: Jobs, Immigration
The eight-county San Joaquin Valley had four million residents in 2012, a labor force of 1.8 million, and an unemployment rate of 15 percent. There are 62 cities in the 25,000-square mile San Joaquin Valley.
Most San Joaquin Valley counties and cities have economic development agencies to speed the creation of middle-class jobs that pay at least $15 an hour or $30,000 a year (www.centralcalifornia.org). Several types of industries are targeted for "good jobs," including food processing, logistics, manufacturing and renewable energy. Living costs and wages are lower in the San Joaquin Valley than in coastal California, but many San Joaquin Valley workers lack the education needed to perform jobs offering higher wages, which deters some of those looking to relocate from moving their operations to the San Joaquin Valley.
Fresno, Kern and San Joaquin counties have almost two-thirds of San Joaquin Valley residents. Each has a large agricultural sector, but Kern county is an important producer of oil and gas and the western part of San Joaquin county is an extension of the San Francisco Bay area economy.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1777_0_2_0
IMMIGRATION
Immigration Reform: House
. . .
Enforcement. The House Judiciary Committee approved two enforcement bills that would affect agriculture. The Legal Workforce Act (HR 1772) would require all employers to use the internet-based E-Verify system to check the immigration status of employees within two years, sooner than the four years allowed by the Senate bill. HR 1772 would allow employers to use E-Verify to check their current workforce as long as the employer's entire workforce is checked.ÿ
Currently, all newly hired workers and their employers complete I-9 forms to confirm that the worker presented, and the employer saw, documents attesting that the worker is legally authorized to work in the US. Employers retain these I-9 forms, which can be inspected by immigration authorities. Employers participating in E-Verify send the employee information to DHS, which checks it against government databases and within seconds issues work-authorized confirmations or tentative nonconfirmations (TNCs). Most workers who receive TNCs quit rather than contact the government to clear up their data.
Under HR 1772, employers who use E-Verify would generally be spared fines for knowingly hiringÿunauthorized workers, and they would be required to explain to workers receiving TNCs how to contact the government and fix any errors in its databases. HR 1772 would require unions that refer workers to employers to use E-Verify to check the workers they refer.
HR 1772 aims to reduce identity theft by allowing individuals to "lock" their Social Security numbers so that they could not be used by someone else to get a job; parents could also lock the SSNs of their children. HR 1772 calls for the government to monitor and lock SSNs that exhibit patterns of unusual use to obtain jobs.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1785_0_4_0
White House, Labor Shortages
. . .
The White House report said that legalization could increase farm worker earnings up to 10 percent if newly legalized workers learned English and acquired skills, which may also encourage them to leave for nonfarm jobs. It cited studies that conclude that immigrant workers complement US workers, raise their wages, and push US-born workers similar to immigrant farm workers up the US job ladder.
The White House report argued that new guest worker programs will better protect legal foreign and US workers because immigration reform will give the government new tools to crack down on employers who hire unauthorized workers. Under Senate bill S 744, farmers will have four years until they must use E-Verify to check new hires, and DHS will study how E-Verify works in agriculture.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1786_0_4_0
H-2A; H-2B
H-2A. The US Department of State issued 65,345 H-2A visas in FY12 and rejected 8,000 applications for H-2A visas. In FY11, DOS issued 55,384 H-2A visas and rejected 5,850 applications.
The North Carolina Growers Association reported bringing 9,500 H-2A workers into the US in 2013, while the Washington Farm Labor Association recruited 3,400 H-2A workers for its members. NCGA and WAFLA in summer 2013 said they preferred the agricultural provisions of HR 1773 to S 744 because the House bill would impose fewer obligations on farm employers of guest workers.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1787_0_4_0
DHS: Enforcement, E-Verify
The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) had a $60 billion budget in FY13, including $50 billion in appropriated funds and $10 billion in fees collected from applicants for services. The largest DHS agencies included the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Customs and Border Protection agency, each with $12 billion budgets; the US Coast Guard, $10.5 billion; the Transportation Security Administration, $8 billion; Immigration Customs and Enforcement Agency, $6 billion; and US Citizenship and Immigration Services, $3 billion.
ICE. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency that enforces immigration laws inside the US, removed almost 410,000 foreigners in FY12, up from 397,000 in FY11. Some say that "traditional" ICE removals are down because ICE is counting as removals foreigners apprehended by the Border Patrol just inside the US. In FY08, there were about 240,000 interior removals and 130,000 border removals, but in FY12 there were 180,000 interior removals and 230,000 border removals.
Over the past four years, ICE has audited the I-9 employment records of over 10,000 employers and levied at least $100,000 in fines on employers who failed to complete I-9 forms correctly.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1788_0_4_0
OTHER
Migrants, Remittances
. . .
Remittances. The World Bank reported that remittances to developing countries were over $1 billion a day in 2012, a total $389 billion, and are expected to top $414 billion in 2013 and approach $500 billion in 2015. Leading recipients in 2013 included India, $71 billion; China, $60 billion; Philippines, $26 billion; Mexico, $22 billion; and Nigeria, $21 billion. These five countries received over half of remittances to developing countries.
The average cost of remitting $300 over national borders has stabilized at nine percent of the amount transferred or $27. However, some banks have begun imposing additional fees on incoming wires, up to five percent of the amount transferred.
. . .
http://migration.ucdavis.edu/rmn/more.php?id=1794_0_5_0
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